Severity of deforestation mediates biotic homogenisation in an island archipelago
Severity of deforestation mediates biotic homogenisation in an island archipelago
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DOI：
10.1111/ecog.05990
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发表时间：
2022-05
期刊：
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Simon L. Mitchell;David P. Edwards;Rob W. Martin;Nicolas J. Deere;M. Voigt;A. Kastanya;Adi Karja;P. G. Akbar;Khaleb Jordan;J. Tasirin;Zuliyanto Zakaria;T. Martin;J. Supriatna;N. Winarni;Z. Davies;M. Struebig
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文献类型：
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作者：
Simon L. Mitchell;David P. Edwards;Rob W. Martin;Nicolas J. Deere;M. Voigt;A. Kastanya;Adi Karja;P. G. Akbar;Khaleb Jordan;J. Tasirin;Zuliyanto Zakaria;T. Martin;J. Supriatna;N. Winarni;Z. Davies;M. Struebig
人为驱动的物种灭绝正在从根本上改变生物圈。通过生物同质化或异质化的过程，生物群落可能会变得越来越相似或不同。一个关键的问题是，将原生森林转变为农业，如何通过改变有限范围特有物种与广泛分布的通才物种的发生模式来影响这些进程。我们研究了婆罗洲，苏拉威西岛，塞拉姆，布鲁岛，塔劳岛和桑吉河的东南亚岛屿上的鸟类群落的生物同质化和异质化。每个岛屿的特点是鸟类的地方特有性和独特的空间结构的森林转化为农业。森林转变为农业影响了五个岛屿的生物同质化模式。鸟类群落变得越来越不一样的森林参考社区相对于本地化的模式砍伐森林。营业额导致物种与更大的全球范围内的规模占主导地位的社区在牺牲岛屿特有的和生态专家。在岛屿内部，森林转换并没有导致β多样性的明显变化，而岛屿之间的社区变得越来越相似，更大的森林砍伐，这意味着森林转换的模式深刻影响生物同质化。我们的研究结果阐明了森林的持续转化是如何导致地方特有物种被一小群共享的普遍存在的物种所取代的，这对生态系统的功能和恢复力具有潜在的强烈负面影响。通过限制范围物种的丧失和广泛通才的传播来停止生物圈的重组，将需要加强努力，减少森林砍伐的影响，特别是在地方病高发地区。
Anthropogenic-driven species extinctions are radically changing the biosphere. Biological communities may become increasingly similar to or dissimilar from one another via the processes of biotic homogenisation or heterogenisation. A key question is how the conversion of native forests to agriculture may influence these processes by driving changes in the occurrence patterns of restricted-range endemic species versus wide-ranging generalists. We examined biotic homogenisation and heterogenisation in bird communities on the Southeast Asian islands of Borneo, Sulawesi, Seram, Buru, Talaud and Sangihe. Each island is characterised by high levels of avian endemism and unique spatial configuration of forest conversion to agriculture. Forest conversion to agriculture influenced the patterns of biotic homogenisation on five islands. Bird communities became increasingly dissimilar to forest reference communities relative to localised patterns of deforestation. Turnover led to species with larger global range-sizes dominating communities at the expense of island endemics and ecological specialists. Within islands, forest conversion did not result in clear changes to β -diversity, whereas between-island communities became increasingly similar with greater deforestation, implying that patterns of forest conversion profoundly affect biotic homogenisation. Our findings elucidate how continued conversion of forests is causing the replacement of endemic species by a small cohort of shared ubiquitous species with potentially strong negative consequences for ecosystem functioning and resilience. Halting reor-ganisation of the biosphere via the loss of range-restricted species and spread of wide-ranged generalists will require improved efforts to reduce the impacts of deforestation, particularly in regions with high endemism.