PERCEIVED SIZE-RATIO IN STEREOSCOPIC VISION AS A FUNCTION OF CONVERGENCE, BINOCULAR DISPARITY AND LUMINANCE
PERCEIVED SIZE-RATIO IN STEREOSCOPIC VISION AS A FUNCTION OF CONVERGENCE, BINOCULAR DISPARITY AND LUMINANCE
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立体视觉中感知的尺寸比作为会聚、双眼视差和亮度的函数
DOI：
10.4992/psycholres1954.9.1
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发表时间：
1967
影响因子：
0.8
通讯作者：
Fusako Sato
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T. Oyama;Fusako Sato
本研究关注的是一些刺激变量对大小恒常性的影响。在传统的尺寸恒常性实验中，两个圆盘，标准和比较，在不同的距离被试。在物理尺寸或视角上具有恒定直径的标准盘以各种距离呈现，而具有变化直径的比较盘以恒定距离放置。通常采用标准盘的物理距离作为实验变量，测量与标准盘在表观尺寸上相匹配的比较盘的物理尺寸。然而，物理距离本身并不直接呈现给受试者的眼睛。关于距离的信息由深度感知的许多线索介导，即会聚、双眼视差、线性透视、纹理梯度等。这些线索，或近端stimulusvariables，更适合作为实验变量比物理距离在传统的实验中，为分析的刺激关系决定的现象的大小恒常性。立体装置使我们能够彼此独立地控制这些刺激变量。小笠原（1935）在立体镜中研究了大小恒常性，但他只是定性地分析了被试的口头报告，以发现收敛和其他一些变量的影响。Oyama和Teraoka（1955）以及卡托里和Suzukawa（1963）利用一种新的心理物理学方法--换位法，这种方法是由Oyama（1955，1959）发展起来的，用来定量测量在立体镜中看到的两个物体之间的感知大小比。换位法是一种比率匹配法，但它与Stevens（1957，1962）的比率估计法和比率产生法的不同之处在于，换位法不使用任何可能受被试数学经验影响的言语反应。在转座1的方法中，Oyama在
The present study is concerned with the effects of some stimulus variables on size constancy. In the traditional experiment on size constancy, two disks, the standard and the comparison, are presented at different distances from the subjects. The standard disk having a constant diameter in physical size, or in visual angle, is presented at various distances, while the comparison disk with varying diameter is placed at a constant distance. The physical distance of the standard disk is usually adopted as an experimental variable and the physical size of the comparison disk which is matched with the standard in apparent size is measured. However, the physical distance, itself, is not presented directly to the subject's eyes. The information about the distance is mediated by many cues for depth perception, i.e. convergence, binocular disparity, linear perspective, texture gradient, and so forth. These cues, or proximal stimulusvariables, are more appropriate as experimental variables than the physical distance in the traditional experiment, for the purpose of analyzing the stimulus relations determining the phenomena of size constancy. A stereoscopic apparatus makes us possible to control these stimulus-variables independently of each other. Ogasawara (1935) studied size constancy in a stereoscope, but he only analyzed subjects' verbal reports qualitatively to find effects of convergence and some other variables. Oyama and Teraoka (1955) and Katori and Suzukawa (1963) utilized a new psychophysical method, the method of transposition, developed by Oyama (1955, 1959) to get a quantitative measure of the perceived size-ratio between two objects seen in a stereoscope. The method of transposition is a kind of ratio-matching, but it is quite different from Stevens' (1957, 1962) ratio-estimation and ratio-production methods in such an aspect that the method of transposition does not use any verbal response which may be affected by subject's mathematical experience. In the method of transposition 1 parts of this study were reported by Oyama at