Identification of the flavonoid hydroxylases from grapevine and their regulation during fruit development
Identification of the flavonoid hydroxylases from grapevine and their regulation during fruit development
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DOI：
10.1104/pp.105.073262
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发表时间：
2006-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Robinson, SP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bogs, J;Ebadi, A;Robinson, SP
黄酮类化合物是许多水果中重要的次生代谢产物，其羟基化模式决定了它们的颜色、稳定性和抗氧化能力。类黄酮B环的羟基化由类黄酮3 '-羟化酶（F3' H）和类黄酮3 '，5'-羟化酶（F3 '5'H）催化，也可能需要细胞色素B（5）。我们报道了从葡萄藤（葡萄属vinifera L.）中鉴定出的编码F3 'H、F3' 5 'H和一个假定的细胞色素b5的基因。cv Shiraz）及其在果实中的转录调控。VvF 3 ′ H和VvF 3 ′ 5 ′ H1基因的功能通过在矮牵牛（Petunia hybrida）中的异位表达得到证实，其如预期改变了花的颜色和类黄酮组成。VvF 3 'H在葡萄开花前表达，当3'-羟基化黄酮醇被制造时，并且所有三个基因在开花后表达，当原花色素（PA）被合成时。在浆果皮中，所有三个基因的表达在成熟开始时（veraison）是低的，但在veraison之后随着3 '-和3'，5 '-羟基化花青素苷的积累而增加。VvF 3 'H和VvCytoB 5在种子中表达，但不表达VvF 3' 5 'H1，这与3'-羟基化PA在该组织中的积累一致。VvCytoB 5的表达与VvF 3 ′ H和VvF 3 ′ 5 ′ H1在不同葡萄组织中的表达相关。与其中VvF 3 ' H、VvF 3' 5 'H1和VvCytoB 5在成熟过程中高度表达的红葡萄相反，VvF 3' 5 'H1和VvCytoB 5在成熟过程中在白色葡萄中的表达极低，表明转录调控的差异。我们的研究结果表明，葡萄中VvF 3 'H、VvF 3' 5 'H1和VvCytoB 5的时间和组织特异性表达与各自的羟基化黄酮醇和PA以及花青素的积累相协调。了解类黄酮羟化酶的调控规律，可为改良果实类黄酮成分提供依据。
Flavonoids are important secondary metabolites in many fruits, and their hydroxylation pattern determines their color, stability, and antioxidant capacity. Hydroxylation of the B-ring of flavonoids is catalyzed by flavonoid 3'- hydroxylase (F3'H) and flavonoid 3', 5'-hydroxylase (F3'5'H), and may also require cytochrome b(5). We report the identification of genes encoding F3'H, F3'5'H, and a putative cytochrome b5 from grapevine ( Vitis vinifera L. cv Shiraz) and their transcriptional regulation in fruit. Functionality of the genes VvF3'H and VvF3'5'H1 was demonstrated by ectopic expression in petunia ( Petunia hybrida), which altered flower color and flavonoid composition as expected. VvF3'H was expressed in grapes before flowering, when 3'- hydroxylated flavonols are made, and all three genes were expressed after flowering, when proanthocyanidins ( PAs) are synthesized. In berry skin, expression of all three genes was low at the onset of ripening (veraison) but increased after veraison concomitant with the accumulation of 3'- and 3', 5'- hydroxylated anthocyanins. VvF3'H and VvCytoB5 were expressed in seeds but not VvF3'5'H1, consistent with the accumulation of 3'-hydroxylated PAs in this tissue. VvCytoB5 expression was correlated with expression of both VvF3' H and VvF3'5'H1 in the different grape tissues. In contrast to red grapes, where VvF3' H, VvF3'5'H1, and VvCytoB5 were highly expressed during ripening, the expression of VvF3'5'H1 and VvCytoB5 in white grapes during ripening was extremely low, suggesting a difference in transcriptional regulation. Our results show that temporal and tissue-specific expression of VvF3'H, VvF3'5'H1, and VvCytoB5 in grapes is coordinated with the accumulation of the respective hydroxylated flavonols and PAs, as well as anthocyanins. Understanding the regulation of flavonoid hydroxylases could be used to modify flavonoid composition of fruits.