Appraising the intention of other people: Ecological validity and procedures for investigating effects of lighting for pedestrians
Appraising the intention of other people: Ecological validity and procedures for investigating effects of lighting for pedestrians
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DOI：
10.1177/1477153517737345
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发表时间：
2019-01-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Johansson, M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fotios, S.;Johansson, M.
在公共空间，如道路和附属道路，户外照明的目的之一是帮助行人评估其他人的意图。本文讨论了如何在人工照明的室外环境中行人的评价另一个人的意图可以研究。我们回顾了可能使用的视觉线索，以及可以调查照明变化的影响的实验设计，以最好地模拟人工照明的城市环境中的行人体验。提出建议，以建立适当的可操作性的确定的视觉线索，选择的方法和测量代表的关键情况。它的结论是，其他人的意图应使用面部表情识别进行评估;眼动跟踪数据表明，在人际距离为15米，持续时间为500毫秒的倾向，使这些意见。照片被认为是适合于评估光水平和光谱功率分布的变化的影响。为了支持空间分布变化的调查，需要进一步调查三维目标。还需要更多的数据来研究眩光的影响。
One of the aims of outdoor lighting in public spaces, such as pathways and subsidiary roads, is to help pedestrians to evaluate the intentions of other people. This paper discusses how a pedestrians' appraisal of another persons' intentions in artificially lit outdoor environments can be studied. We review the visual cues that might be used, and the experimental design with which effects of changes in lighting could be investigated to best resemble the pedestrian experience in artificially lit urban environments. Proposals are made to establish appropriate operationalisation of the identified visual cues, choice of methods and measurements representing critical situations. It is concluded that the intentions of other people should be evaluated using facial emotion recognition; eye-tracking data suggest a tendency to make these observations at an interpersonal distance of 15 m and for a duration of 500 ms. Photographs are considered suitable for evaluating the effect of changes in light level and spectral power distribution. To support investigation of changes in spatial distribution, further investigation is needed with three-dimensional targets. Further data are also required to examine the influence of glare.