Corporatization of National Universities in Japan: Revolution for Governance or Rhetoric for Downsizing?
Corporatization of National Universities in Japan: Revolution for Governance or Rhetoric for Downsizing?
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日本国立大学的公司化：治理革命还是精简规模？
DOI：
10.1111/j.1468-0408.2004.00191.x
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发表时间：
2004
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Kiyoshige Yamamoto
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kiyoshige Yamamoto
与许多其他国家一样，日本高等教育机构也面临着降低成本和应对“市场压力”的压力。其中包括国家政府提出的引入竞争、将大学“机构化”或公司化以及赋予大学管理自主权的建议，以期提高效率。然而，这些提议被认为不是线性发展，而是根本性的变化，因为它们超越了2001年已经在一些公共服务中采用的机构化组织改革。因此，本文分析了为什么会突然发生这一新的政策变化，并探讨新框架是否能够通过增强自主权来提高绩效。通过调查这一过程，我们发现国立大学的公司化已经作为增强大学自主权和卓越性的口号而不断推进，而现实已经转变为公共部门改革，因为财政压力下的精简和政府对绩效的控制可能会更强。
As in a number of other countries, Japanese higher education institutions have faced pressure to reduce costs and respond to 'market pressures'. This has included proposals by the national government to introduce competition, 'agencify' or corporatize universities and give management autonomy for universities in a hope that this will improve efficiency. The proposals, however, are considered not a linear development but a radical change, because they go beyond an organizational reform as agencification that has been already adopted into some public services in 2001. Consequently, this paper analyses why this new policy change has suddenly happened and examines whether the new framework will be able to improve performance through enhancing autonomy. Investigating the process, we show that the corporatization of national universities has been progressed as the rhetoric for enhancing university autonomy and excellence, while the reality has shifted into a public sector reform as downsizing under the fiscal stress and the government control on performance might be much stronger.