A pre-clinical murine model of oral implant osseointegration.
A pre-clinical murine model of oral implant osseointegration.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bone.2013.07.021
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发表时间：
2014-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Helms JA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mouraret S;Hunter DJ;Bardet C;Brunski JB;Bouchard P;Helms JA
我们关于口腔种植体骨整合的许多假设都是从研究长骨中骨骼组织修复的实验模型中推断出来的。这种临床实践和实验研究之间的脱节阻碍了我们对口腔种植体周围骨形成的理解，以及如何改善这一过程。我们假设口腔种植体骨整合基本上等同于体内其他部位的种植体骨整合。小鼠在第一磨牙前的无牙嵴中进行种植体植入，并在手术后的不同时间点评价种植体周围组织。我们的假设被推翻;口腔种植体骨整合与长骨骨整合有本质的不同。例如，在上颌骨中，植入物周围的前成骨细胞来源于颅神经嵴，而在胫骨中，植入物周围的成骨细胞来源于中胚层。在上颌骨中，新的类骨质来自上颌骨的骨膜，但在胫骨中，新的类骨质来自骨髓腔。细胞和分子分析表明，成骨细胞活性和矿化从天然骨的表面进行，骨细胞活性是新的种植体周围骨的广泛重塑的原因。除了种植体骨整合的组织学特征外，在小鼠模型中进行的分子和细胞测定为种植体放置的后遗症和种植体周围骨生成的过程提供了新的见解。
Many of our assumptions concerning oral implant osseointegration are extrapolated from experimental models studying skeletal tissue repair in long bones. This disconnect between clinical practice and experimental research hampers our understanding of bone formation around oral implants and how this process can be improved. We postulated that oral implant osseointegration would be fundamentally equivalent to implant osseointegration elsewhere in the body. Mice underwent implant placement in the edentulous ridge anterior to the first molar and peri-implant tissues were evaluated at various timepoints after surgery. Our hypothesis was disproven; oral implant osseointegration is substantially different from osseointegration in long bones. For example, in the maxilla peri-implant pre-osteoblasts are derived from cranial neural crest whereas in the tibia peri-implant osteoblasts are derived from mesoderm. In the maxilla, new osteoid arises from periostea of the maxillary bone but in the tibia the new osteoid arises from the marrow space. Cellular and molecular analyses indicate that osteoblast activity and mineralization proceeds from the surfaces of the native bone and osteoclastic activity is responsible for extensive remodeling of the new peri-implant bone. In addition to histologic features of implant osseointegration, molecular and cellular assays conducted in a murine model provide new insights into the sequelae of implant placement and the process by which bone is generated around implants.