Anti-Anopheles darlingi saliva antibodies as marker of Plasmodium vivax infection and clinical immunity in the Brazilian Amazon
Anti-Anopheles darlingi saliva antibodies as marker of Plasmodium vivax infection and clinical immunity in the Brazilian Amazon
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DOI：
10.1186/1475-2875-8-121
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发表时间：
2009-06-05
期刊：
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Barral-Netto, Manoel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Andrade, Bruno Bezerril;Rocha, Bruno Coelho;Barral-Netto, Manoel
背景：尽管政府和私营部门努力控制疟疾，但这种疾病仍然是一个主要的健康威胁。因此，需要创新战略来减轻疾病负担。疟疾病媒通过向宿主皮肤注射唾液，在疾病传播中起重要作用，并可能影响疟疾发病率。本研究描述了巴西亚马逊地区志愿者对达林按蚊唾液的体液免疫反应，并探讨了特异性抗体水平与间日疟原虫感染临床表现之间的关系。方法：对来自巴西朗多尼亚州社区的成年志愿者进行筛选，通过光镜和巢式PCR评估间日疟原虫感染的存在。随机选择未感染志愿者和有症状或无症状感染的个体并收集血浆。一个。制备达林氏唾液腺超声（SGS），测定其抗唾液抗体水平。血浆白细胞介素(IL)-10和干扰素(IFN)- γ水平也与抗sgs水平相关。结果：间日疟原虫感染个体的抗sgs水平高于未感染个体，抗体水平可用于鉴别感染。此外，抗唾液抗体检测也有助于区分无症状感染和非感染，具有高似然比。有趣的是，与有症状的个体相比，无症状寄生虫血症个体的抗sgs滴度更高，ifn - γ /IL-10比值更低。在间日疟原虫感染的无症状个体中，ifn - γ /IL-10比值与抗sgs滴度呈负相关，尽管在有症状的志愿者中没有。结论：抗安。darlingi抗体水平可以指示间日疟原虫可能的感染状况，也可以作为巴西亚马逊地区疾病严重程度的标志。
Background: Despite governmental and private efforts on providing malaria control, this disease continues to be a major health threat. Thus, innovative strategies are needed to reduce disease burden. The malaria vectors, through the injection of saliva into the host skin, play important role on disease transmission and may influence malaria morbidity. This study describes the humoral immune response against Anopheles (An.) darlingi saliva in volunteers from the Brazilian Amazon and addresses the association between levels of specific antibodies and clinical presentation of Plasmodium (P.) vivax infection.Methods: Adult volunteers from communities in the Rondonia State, Brazil, were screened in order to assess the presence of P. vivax infection by light microscopy and nested PCR. Non-infected volunteers and individuals with symptomatic or symptomless infection were randomly selected and plasma collected. An. darlingi salivary gland sonicates (SGS) were prepared and used to measure anti-saliva antibody levels. Plasma interleukin (IL)-10 and interferon (IFN)-gamma levels were also estimated and correlated to anti-SGS levels.Results: Individuals infected with P. vivax presented higher levels of anti-SGS than non-infected individuals and antibody levels could discriminate infection. Furthermore, anti-saliva antibody measurement was also useful to distinguish asymptomatic infection from non-infection, with a high likelihood ratio. Interestingly, individuals with asymptomatic parasitaemia presented higher titers of anti-SGS and lower IFN-gamma/IL-10 ratio than symptomatic ones. In P. vivax-infected asymptomatic individuals, the IFN-gamma/IL-10 ratio was inversely correlated to anti-SGS titers, although not for while in symptomatic volunteers.Conclusion: The estimation of anti-An. darlingi antibody levels can indicate the probable P. vivax infection status and also could serve as a marker of disease severity in this region of Brazilian Amazon.