Japan as a Post-Reactive State?
Japan as a Post-Reactive State?
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日本是一个后反应国家吗？
DOI：
10.1016/s0030-4387(03)00081-4
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发表时间：
2003
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Kent E. Calder
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kent E. Calder
日本政治经济在过去20年里发生了深刻变化。整个亚洲也是如此。这两个国家在全球舞台上的地位都比上一代人要大得多。然而，日本的外交政策仍延续着二战正式结束的《旧金山和约》（San弗朗西斯科Peace Treaty）所确立的被动模式。尽管日本最近遇到经济困难，但它今天仍然是亚洲的经济巨人，其国内生产总值占该区域的一半以上。它还提供了该地区一半以上的外国援助，占全世界提供的所有商品和服务的15%以上，尽管十年来经济停滞不前。[1]由于从朝鲜战争到20世纪70年代石油危机期间的巨大经济增长，日本在经济方面已经崛起了30多年。但在早期，它作为一个贸易国家发展壮大，对周边国家国内政治经济的直接参与明显有限。现在，日本已成为一个主要的投资国，这在其现代历史上是第一次。2成为投资国会增加伙伴国的经济利益和全球经济共同体的稳定性;它通常也会引发外交政策的积极性。然而，日本的外交政策几乎没有改变。
The Japanese political economy has changed profoundly in the past two decades. So has that of Asia as a whole. Both loom vastly larger on the global scene than they did a generation ago. Yet Japanese foreign policy continues in the reactive pattern established with the San Francisco Peace Treaty that formally concluded World War II. Despite its recent economic difficulties, Japan today remains the economic giant of Asia, generating well over half of the region’s gross domestic product. It also provides over half of the region’s foreign assistance and accounts for more than 15 percent of all the goods and services provided worldwide, despite a decade of abject stagnation. 1 Japan has loomed large in economic terms for well over three decades, thanks to its enormous growth surge from the Korean War until the oil shocks of the 1970s. But it grew large in those earlier years as a trading state, with distinctly limited direct involvement in the domestic political economies of surrounding nations. Now, Japan has become a major investing nation, for the first time in its modern history. 2 Becoming an investing nation brings enhanced economic stakes in partner nations and in the stability of the global economic community; it also typically provokes foreign policy activism. And yet Japanese foreign policy has changed remarkably little.