Cosmic strings in a swimming pool
Cosmic strings in a swimming pool
复制标题
游泳池中的宇宙弦
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
R. Kiehn
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Kiehn
在连续介质中由旋转动力学实验诱导的拓扑缺陷复制了宇宙弦和强子的相干结构特征。简介：1986年夏天，在巴西里约热内卢拜访一位老朋友时，作者意识到一个重要的拓扑实验，几乎每个人都可以在游泳池里复制。见照片1。简而言之，它是可能的，流体动力学，在表面的不连续性，一个长寿的相干结构，由一组宏观拓扑缺陷。这个长寿的相干物体，被称为法拉科孤子，有几个功能相当于亚微观强子模型的报告。弦理论家注意到，这种结构是由一对在不连续表面上的拓扑2维旋转缺陷组成的，它们通过1维拓扑缺陷或弦整体连接和稳定。这一实验观察极大地激发了作者进一步研究涉及拓扑缺陷的应用拓扑，以及与相变、不可逆和湍流现象相关的拓扑缺陷的拓扑演化[1]，[6]。当同事们问“什么是拓扑缺陷？”就有可能指出一些他们可以在宏观层面上复制和视觉理解的东西。最初的观测结果是在德克萨斯州奥斯汀举行的动力学日会议上首次描述的[2]，并作为其他研究的一部分在各种流体动力学出版物中报道[3]，但很明显，这些概念还没有渗透到其他研究领域。由于这种现象是一个拓扑问题，并且可以发生在所有尺度上，Falaco孤子应该是亚原子和宇宙世界的自然产物。这篇短文之所以存在，是为了引起其他研究人员的注意，他们可能会发现这个概念很有趣，对他们自己的研究很有启发。实验这种现象很容易重现，只要把一个大的半淹没的圆盘或盘子（飞盘就可以）放在游泳池里，然后沿着它的扁圆轴方向慢慢地抚摸盘子。在行程结束时，缓慢而平稳地取出盘子
Topological defects experimentally induced by rotational dynamics in a continuous media replicate the coherent structure features of cosmic strings as well as hadrons. Introduction: During the summer of 1986, while visiting an old friend in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, the present author became aware of a significant topological experiment that can be replicated by almost everyone with access to a swimming pool. See Photo 1. In short, it is possible to produce, hydrodynamically, in a surface of discontinuity, a long lived coherent structure that consists of a set of macroscopic topological defects. This longlived coherent object, dubbed the Falaco Soliton, has several features equivalent to those reported for models of the submicroscopic hadron. String theorists take note, for the structure consists of a pair of topological 2-dimensional rotational defects in a surface of discontinuity, globally connected and stabilized by a 1 dimensional topological defect or string. This experimental observation greatly stimulated this author to further research in applied topology involving topological defects, and the topological evolution of such defects which can be associated with phase changes and thermodynamically irreversible and turbulent phenomena [1],[6]. When colleagues would ask “What is a topological defect?” it was possible to point to something that they could replicate and understand visually at a macroscopic level. The original observation was first described at a Dynamics Days conference in Austin, TX, [2] and has been reported, as parts of other research, in various hydrodynamic publications [3], but it is apparent that these concepts have not penetrated into other areas of research. As the phenomena is a topological issue, and can happen at all scales, the Falaco Soliton should be a natural artifact of both the sub-atomic and the cosmological worlds. The reason d’etre for this short article is to bring the idea to the attention of other researchers who might find the concept interesting and stimulating to their own research. The Experiment The phenomena is easily reproduced by placing a large half-submerged circular disc or plate (a Frisbee will do) in a swimming pool, then stroking the plate slowly in the direction of its oblate axis. At the end of the stroke, slowly and smoothly extract the plate