Juvenile rank acquisition is associated with fitness independent of adult rank
Juvenile rank acquisition is associated with fitness independent of adult rank
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青少年等级获得与健康相关，独立于成人等级
DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2019.2969
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Holekamp, Kay E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Strauss, Eli D.;Shizuka, Daizaburo;Holekamp, Kay E.
社会等级是各种物种适合度的重要决定因素。社会等级的重要性表明，青少年在社会等级中确立自己地位的过程是发展的一个关键组成部分。在这里，我们利用斑点鬣狗高度可预测的等级习得过程来研究早期生活中等级习得变化的后果。在斑点鬣狗中，等级是通过一种被称为“母系等级遗传”的学习过程“遗传”的。“这种模式是非常一致的：大约80%的青少年在母亲的等级遗传规则下获得了预期的等级。在这些社会中，等级获得的可预测性使得等级获得的过程可以独立于每个幼崽最终获得的等级进行研究。在本研究中，我们使用Elo-deviance分数（一种新颖的Elo-rating方法的应用）来计算每个幼崽在发育过程中与母亲等级遗传预期模式的偏差。尽管幼鱼在等级获得方面存在差异，但大多数幼鱼都能根据母亲等级遗传的规则获得期望的等级。然而，我们发现早期等级获得的短暂变化与这些个体的长期适应性结果有关：与表现较好的同伴相比，表现不佳的青少年的预期等级表现出更低的存活率和更低的终身繁殖成功率，这种关系与母亲的等级和成年后的等级无关。我们还发现，早期生活逆境的多种来源对健康的影响是累积的，而不是复合的。未来的工作需要确定等级获得的变化是否直接影响适合度，或者是否有其他变量，如母体投资或幼崽条件，导致这两种结果的变化。
Social rank is a significant determinant of fitness in a variety of species. The importance of social rank suggests that the process by which juveniles come to establish their position in the social hierarchy is a critical component of development. Here, we use the highly predictable process of rank acquisition in spotted hyenas to study the consequences of variation in rank acquisition in early life. In spotted hyenas, rank is ‘inherited’ through a learning process called ‘maternal rank inheritance.’ This pattern is very consistent: approximately 80% of juveniles acquire the exact rank expected under the rules of maternal rank inheritance. The predictable nature of rank acquisition in these societies allows the process of rank acquisition to be studied independently from the ultimate rank that each juvenile attains. In this study, we use Elo-deviance scores, a novel application of the Elo-rating method, to calculate each juvenile's deviation from the expected pattern of maternal rank inheritance during development. Despite variability in rank acquisition among juveniles, most of these juveniles come to attain the exact rank expected of them according to the rules of maternal rank inheritance. Nevertheless, we find that transient variation in rank acquisition in early life is associated with long-term fitness consequences for these individuals: juveniles ‘underperforming’ their expected ranks show reduced survival and lower lifetime reproductive success than better-performing peers, and this relationship is independent of both maternal rank and rank achieved in adulthood. We also find that multiple sources of early life adversity have cumulative, but not compounding, effects on fitness. Future work is needed to determine if variation in rank acquisition directly affects fitness, or if some other variable, such as maternal investment or juvenile condition, causes variation in both of these outcomes.
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DOI：
10.1530/jrf.0.1080229
发表时间：
1996
期刊：
Journal of reproduction and fertility
影响因子：
--
作者：
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DOI：
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发表时间：
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期刊：
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
影响因子：
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影响因子：
2.5
作者：
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影响因子：
2.5
作者：
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LEBOEUF, BJ