The Plant Cellular Systems for Plant Virus Movement.
The Plant Cellular Systems for Plant Virus Movement.
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DOI：
10.5423/ppj.rw.09.2016.0198
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发表时间：
2017-06
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ju HJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hong JS;Ju HJ
胞间连丝（Plasmodesmata，PD）是促进各种分子（包括糖、核糖核蛋白复合物、转录因子和mRNA）的交换的特化细胞间通道。它们的直径在颈部区域估计为2.5 nm，太小而不能转移病毒或病毒基因组。烟草花叶病毒和马铃薯X病毒是研究最广泛的病毒。在病毒中，运动蛋白（MP）负责PD门控，允许病毒基因组的细胞间运动。多种宿主因子与MP相互作用，调节与PD门控相关的复杂机制。病毒复制和装配发生在病毒复制复合物（VRC）与膜联合，特别是在内质网。VRC具有高度组织化的结构，并且受到各种宿主因子、由病毒基因组编码的蛋白质和病毒基因组之间的相互作用的高度调节。病毒的运输需要宿主机器，如细胞骨架和分泌系统。MP促进病毒复制和移动过程。尽管目前对病毒运动的理解水平，但病毒复制和病毒运动之间仍存在许多未知和复杂的相互作用。虽然已经进行了许多研究来了解植物病毒的细胞间运动和复制，但仍然存在许多知识空白。为了研究这些相互作用，必须使用适当的研究工具，如分子和生物化学技术。如果没有这些工具，病毒学家将无法准确或详细地了解病毒感染过程。
Plasmodesmata (PDs) are specialized intercellular channels that facilitate the exchange of various molecules, including sugars, ribonucleoprotein complexes, transcription factors, and mRNA. Their diameters, estimated to be 2.5 nm in the neck region, are too small to transfer viruses or viral genomes. Tobacco mosaic virus and Potexviruses are the most extensively studied viruses. In viruses, the movement protein (MP) is responsible for the PD gating that allows the intercellular movement of viral genomes. Various host factors interact with MP to regulate complicated mechanisms related to PD gating. Virus replication and assembly occur in viral replication complex (VRC) with membrane association, especially in the endoplasmic reticulum. VRC have a highly organized structure and are highly regulated by interactions among the various host factors, proteins encoded by the viral genome, and the viral genome. Virus trafficking requires host machineries, such as the cytoskeleton and the secretory systems. MP facilitates the virus replication and movement process. Despite the current level of understanding of virus movement, there are still many unknown and complex interactions between virus replication and virus movement. While numerous studies have been conducted to understand plant viruses with regards to cell-to-cell movement and replication, there are still many knowledge gaps. To study these interactions, adequate research tools must be used such as molecular, and biochemical techniques. Without such tools, virologists will not be able to gain an accurate or detailed understanding of the virus infection process.