Sensing spontaneous collapse and decoherence with interfering Bose–Einstein condensates

Sensing spontaneous collapse and decoherence with interfering Bose–Einstein condensates
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通过干扰玻色爱因斯坦凝聚来感知自发塌缩和退相干

DOI:
10.1088/2058-9565/aa8682
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发表时间:
2017
影响因子:
6.7
通讯作者:
S. Nimmrichter
S. Nimmrichter
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
B. Schrinski;K. Hornberger;S. Nimmrichter

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我们研究了玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体的物质波干涉测量如何受到假设的塌缩模型和环境退相干过程的影响。受最近宏观臂分离原子喷泉实验的启发,我们重点关注不同二模叠加态的一阶和高阶相干性的可观察特征,以及它们随粒子数的缩放。这不仅可以用来评估环境退相干对多体相干性的影响,还可以量化此类实验排除宏观现实崩溃模型的程度。我们发现相位相干分裂凝聚体的干涉条纹受退相干的影响最为强烈,而独立干涉凝聚体的量子特征更不受宏观现实坍缩的影响。如果在干涉图中解决了高阶相关性,则可以探测超出单个原子水平的多体增强退相干效应。
We study how matter-wave interferometry with Bose–Einstein condensates is affected by hypothetical collapse models and by environmental decoherence processes. Motivated by recent atom fountain experiments with macroscopic arm separations, we focus on the observable signatures of first-order and higher-order coherence for different two-mode superposition states, and on their scaling with particle number. This can be used not only to assess the impact of environmental decoherence on many-body coherence, but also to quantify the extent to which macrorealistic collapse models are ruled out by such experiments. We find that interference fringes of phase-coherently split condensates are most strongly affected by decoherence, whereas the quantum signatures of independent interfering condensates are more immune against macrorealistic collapse. A many-body enhanced decoherence effect beyond the level of a single atom can be probed if higher-order correlations are resolved in the interferogram.
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由于散射事件和 Lévy 过程导致的退相干理论。
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