The orofacial formalin test in the mouse: A behavioral model for studying physiology and modulation of trigeminal nociception
The orofacial formalin test in the mouse: A behavioral model for studying physiology and modulation of trigeminal nociception
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jpain.2006.04.010
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发表时间：
2006-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Dallel, Radhouane
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Luccarini, Philippe;Childeric, Anne;Dallel, Radhouane
当前研究的目的是将先前在大鼠中开发的口面部福尔马林疼痛模型用于小鼠，并尽可能充分地表征该物种的行为变化。不同浓度福尔马林皮下注射的效果。5%,1%,2%，4%和8%)对面部摩擦反应进行检查。在小鼠实验中，将福尔马林注射到上唇会引起持续的摩擦脸部的发作，并伴有针对鼻周区域的剧烈洗脸动作。在测试的第一阶段和第二阶段，当浓度达到4%时，观察到福尔马林浓度与摩擦活动幅度之间存在正线性关系。当使用最高浓度（8%）时，两相的振幅都趋于平稳。在第二阶段，全身给予吗啡和扑热息痛诱导了对摩擦行为的剂量依赖性抑制。虽然扑热息痛和吗啡都能抑制第一阶段，但只有吗啡有剂量依赖性的抑制作用。吗啡抑制第一阶段摩摩反应的ED50值（95%置信区间）为2.45 mg/kg （1.90 ~ 3.08 mg/kg）。吗啡和扑热息痛的ED50值分别为3.52 mg/kg （2.85 ~ 4.63 mg/kg）和100.66 mg/kg （77.98 ~ 139.05 mg/kg）。在福尔马林试验前10分钟，在动物背部皮下注射辣椒素引起的异节段伤害性刺激对第二阶段的摩擦反应产生剂量依赖性抑制。抑制第一期和第二期摩擦反应的ED50值分别为9.04 μ g （1.36 ~ 65.13 μ g）和0.92 μ g （0.28 ~ 2.99 μ g）。总之，小鼠口面部福尔马林试验是研究痛觉性口面部刺激强度和抗刺激现象的行为编码以及镇痛药物测试的可靠模型。展望：为了进一步利用转基因“敲除”方法在分子水平上研究伤害感受加工的新机会，我们需要合适的小鼠行为模型。小鼠口面部福尔马林试验是研究痛觉刺激强度和抗刺激现象的行为编码以及镇痛药物测试的可靠模型。(c) 2006年美国疼痛学会。
The aim of the current study was to adapt the orofacial formalin pain model previously developed in rats for use in mice and to characterize as fully as possible the behavioral changes in this species. The effects of subcutaneous injection of different formalin concentrations (.5%,1%,2%,4%, and 8%) were examined on the face-rubbing response. In mice, formalin injection into the upper lip induced sustained face-rubbing episodes with vigorous face-wash strokes directed to the perinasal area. A positive linear relationship between formalin concentration and amplitude of the rubbing activity was observed during the first and second phase of the test with concentration up to 4%. With the highest concentration used (8%), the amplitude of both phases had plateaued. Systemic administration of morphine and paracetamol induced a dose-dependent inhibition of the rubbing behavior during the second phase. Although both paracetamol and morphine inhibited the first phase, a dose-dependent inhibition was found only for morphine. The ED50 value (95% confidence interval) for suppressing the rubbing response during the first phase was 2.45 mg/kg (1.90-3.08 mg/kg) for morphine. The ED50 values for suppressing the rubbing response during the second phase were 3.52 mg/kg (2.85-4.63 mg/kg) for morphine and 100.66 mg/kg (77.98-139.05 mg/kg) for paracetamol. Heterosegmental nociceptive stimulation evoked by subcutaneous injection of capsaicin into the back of the animal 10 min before the formalin test produced a dose-dependent inhibition of the second phase of the rubbing response. The ED50 values for suppressing the rubbing response during the first and second phases were 9.04 mu g (1.36-65.13 mu g) and 0.92 mu g (0.28-2.99 mu g), respectively. In conclusion, the mouse orofacial formalin test appears to be a reliable model for studying the behavioral encoding of the intensity of nociceptive orofacial stimulation and the counter-irritation phenomenon and for testing analgesic drugs.Perspective: To further exploit the new opportunities of investigating nociceptive processing at the molecular level with the transgenk "knockout" approach, we require suitable behavioral models in mice. The presented mouse orofacial formalin test appears to be a reliable model for studying the behavioral encoding of the intensity of nociceptive stimulation and the counter-irritation phenomenon and for testing analgesic drugs. (c) 2006 by the American Pain Society.