Genomic features of uncultured methylotrophs in activated-sludge microbiomes grown under different enrichment procedures.
Genomic features of uncultured methylotrophs in activated-sludge microbiomes grown under different enrichment procedures.
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DOI：
10.1038/srep26650
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发表时间：
2016-05-25
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Watanabe K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fujinawa K;Asai Y;Miyahara M;Kouzuma A;Abe T;Watanabe K
甲基营养细菌是一种能够以含氯化合物为碳源和能源生长的生物体。它们在全球碳循环中发挥着重要作用，并为工业废水处理做出了巨大贡献。为了鉴定和表征在污水处理厂中参与甲醇降解的甲基营养菌，对甲醇补给活性污泥(MAS)微生物进行了系统发育和元基因组分析，并将MAS中优势甲基营养菌的基因组特征与实验室浓缩培养(LECs)中优先生长的甲基营养菌进行了比较。这些分析一致地表明，丝状微生物在MAS中发挥着重要作用，而甲基嗜酸杆菌主要出现在LEC中。对亚甲基嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌和近生微生物重建的bin基因组的比较分析表明，它们具有不同的C1同化途径。此外，功能模块分析表明，它们的细胞表面结构不同。MAS bin基因组与近缘关系密切的Hyphommicrobium分离株的基因组比较表明，在MAS中不必要的基因(例如，厌氧呼吸基因)已经从优势甲基营养菌的基因组中丢失。我们认为，MAS bin基因组中的基因组特征和编码功能为我们提供了关于这种甲基营养菌如何适应活性污泥生态系统的见解。
Methylotrophs are organisms that are able to grow on C1 compounds as carbon and energy sources. They play important roles in the global carbon cycle and contribute largely to industrial wastewater treatment. To identify and characterize methylotrophs that are involved in methanol degradation in wastewater-treatment plants, methanol-fed activated-sludge (MAS) microbiomes were subjected to phylogenetic and metagenomic analyses, and genomic features of dominant methylotrophs in MAS were compared with those preferentially grown in laboratory enrichment cultures (LECs). These analyses consistently indicate that Hyphomicrobium plays important roles in MAS, while Methylophilus occurred predominantly in LECs. Comparative analyses of bin genomes reconstructed for the Hyphomicrobium and Methylophilus methylotrophs suggest that they have different C1-assimilation pathways. In addition, function-module analyses suggest that their cell-surface structures are different. Comparison of the MAS bin genome with genomes of closely related Hyphomicrobium isolates suggests that genes unnecessary in MAS (for instance, genes for anaerobic respiration) have been lost from the genome of the dominant methylotroph. We suggest that genomic features and coded functions in the MAS bin genome provide us with insights into how this methylotroph adapts to activated-sludge ecosystems.