Minority Stress and Physical Health Among Sexual Minorities
Minority Stress and Physical Health Among Sexual Minorities
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DOI：
10.1177/1745691613497965
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发表时间：
2013-09-01
影响因子：
12.6
通讯作者：
Johnson, Kerri L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lick, David J.;Durso, Laura E.;Johnson, Kerri L.
女同性恋、男同性恋和双性恋（LGB）个体相对于异性恋同伴遭受严重的心理健康差异，研究人员将这些差异与困难的社会经历（例如，反同性恋的受害者）和内化的偏见（例如，内化的同性恋恐惧症）联系起来，这些偏见会引起压力。最近越来越多的证据表明，与异性恋者相比，LGB个体在身体健康方面也存在差异，从一般健康状况不佳到患癌症的风险增加，以及心血管疾病、哮喘、糖尿病和其他慢性疾病的诊断增加。尽管最近在这方面的文献取得了进展，但LGB身体健康问题的原因仍然相对不透明。在这篇文章中，我们回顾了与LGB身体健康差异相关的实证研究结果，并认为这种差异与少数群体压力的经历有关，即由反同性恋耻辱的经历引起的压力。鉴于这种少数群体压力模型，我们强调了当前文献中的差距，并概述了对LGB身体健康的社会决定因素进行全面了解所需的五个研究步骤。
Lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) individuals suffer serious mental health disparities relative to their heterosexual peers, and researchers have linked these disparities to difficult social experiences (e.g., antigay victimization) and internalized biases (e.g., internalized homophobia) that arouse stress. A recent and growing body of evidence suggests that LGB individuals also suffer physical health disparities relative to heterosexuals, ranging from poor general health status to increased risk for cancer and heightened diagnoses of cardiovascular disease, asthma, diabetes, and other chronic conditions. Despite recent advances in this literature, the causes of LGB physical health problems remain relatively opaque. In this article, we review empirical findings related to LGB physical health disparities and argue that such disparities are related to the experience of minority stressthat is, stress caused by experiences with antigay stigma. In light of this minority stress model, we highlight gaps in the current literature and outline five research steps necessary for developing a comprehensive knowledge of the social determinants of LGB physical health.