Geographic and temporal distributions of four genotypes found in Erysiphe gracilis var. gracilis, a powdery mildew of evergreen oaks (Erysiphales)
Geographic and temporal distributions of four genotypes found in Erysiphe gracilis var. gracilis, a powdery mildew of evergreen oaks (Erysiphales)
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DOI：
10.1016/j.myc.2017.08.002
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
S. Siahaan;Hitomi Sakamoto;Toshiya Shinoda;S. Takamatsu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Siahaan;Hitomi Sakamoto;Toshiya Shinoda;S. Takamatsu
本文对402份白粉病菌进行了调查。gracilis在日本西部大面积万年青栎属上的遗传多样性分析表明，它们可分为4个不同的基因型，每个基因型形成一个独立的分支，具有较高的自举支持率，被称为E. hiratae（基因型I）、E. uncinuloides（基因型II）、E.格拉西利斯湾str.（基因型III）和E. pseudogracilis（基因型IV）在一个单独的分类治疗。然而，这四种基因型之间的地理分布没有明显差异。紫叶栎仅受基因型II和Q侵染。salicina仅为基因型IV，而Q. Glauca被这四种病毒感染了这些结果强烈表明，这些基因型的宿主物种和物种形成之间的关联。另外312个Q. glauca和E.格拉西利斯湾lat.从2015年5月至2016年1月，每个月从三重大学校园的四个地点收集菌落，以调查基因型I和II的频率。基因型频率无时间隔离。这些基因型经常共存于单个叶片表面，特别是在人类活动干扰的位置。两种橡木白粉病，E.股薄肌S. lat.和Cystotheca wrightii每年仅1个月产孢，生活史与大多数其他白粉病种类不同。这表明，这些橡树霉菌发展了其独特的生命周期，以同步与万年青橡树的生命周期。
A survey of 402 samples of Erysiphe gracilis var. gracilis on evergreen oaks collected from a wide area of western Japan showed that they were divided into four distinct genotypes each forming a separate clade with high bootstrap support, which were referred to as E. hiratae (genotype I), E. uncinuloides (genotype II), E. gracilis s. str.(genotype III), and E. pseudogracilis (genotype IV) in a separate taxonomic treatment. However, there are no clear differences in geographic distributions among these four genotypes. Quercus myrsinifolia was only infected by genotype II and Q. salicina only by genotype IV, whereas Q. glauca was infected by all four. These results strongly suggest an association between host species and speciation of these genotypes. A further 312 samples of Q. glauca with E. gracilis s. lat. colonies were collected from four locations in the Mie University campus to investigate frequency of genotypes I and II every month from May 2015 to January 2016. No temporal isolation was found in genotype frequencies. These genotypes frequently co-existed on a single leaf surface, especially at the locations disturbed by human activities. Two oak powdery mildews, E. gracilis s. lat. and Cystotheca wrightii, produced conidia only one month a year and their life cycle differed from most other powdery mildew species. This suggests that these oak mildews developed their unique life cycles to synchronize with the life cycle of evergreen oaks.