Goats adjust their feeding behaviour to avoid the ingestion of different insect species
Goats adjust their feeding behaviour to avoid the ingestion of different insect species
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DOI：
10.1139/cjz-2019-0010
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发表时间：
2019-09-01
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Inbar, M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Berman, T. S.;Glasser, T. A.;Inbar, M.
有蹄类动物以昆虫栖息的植物为食。山羊（Capra hircus Linnaeus, 1758）在进食时可以有效地避免摄入被绒毛覆盖的有毒毛虫，但它们对无毒昆虫的反应尚不清楚。我们拍摄并分析了山羊在进食时对光滑、无害的家蚕（Bombyx mori (Linnaeus, 1758)）的行为反应。山羊成功地把蚕从食物中分离出来，尽管它们倾向于粘在树叶上。尽管山羊表现出与有毒毛虫相似的行为，但行为的频率增加了一倍，并出现了一种新的行为。这些山羊通过触觉刺激来检测蚕，这种刺激是通过它们的口鼻反复触摸树叶来获得的。这种行为使他们能够采摘没有蚕的叶子（留下73%的蚕）。如果山羊用蚕叼起树叶，它们就会把树叶抖掉。当摇晃不成功时，他们采用了一种新的行为，过滤，在吃树叶的时候，他们用嘴唇挡住蚕的身体。进入山羊口中的蚕（罕见的）被吐出来。这些发现表明，有蹄类动物能够调整自己的摄食行为，以准确地发现和避免摄入不同种类的昆虫。
Ungulates feed on plants that are often inhabited by insects. Goats (Capra hircus Linnaeus, 1758) can efficiently avoid the ingestion of setae-covered noxious, caterpillars while feeding, but it is unknown how they respond to non-toxic insects. We filmed and analysed the behavioural responses of goats to smooth, innocuous silkworms (Bombyx mori (Linnaeus, 1758)) while feeding. The goats successfully sorted the silkworms apart from the food despite their tendency to cling to the leaves. Although the goats exhibited behaviours similar to those displayed with noxious caterpillars, the frequency of the behaviours doubled and a new behaviour appeared. The goats detected silkworms using tactile stimulation, obtained by repeatedly touching the leaves with their muzzles. This behaviour enabled them to pick silkworm-free leaves (leaving 73% of silkworms behind). If the goats picked up leaves with a silkworm, then they shook it off. When shaking was unsuccessful, they employed a new behaviour, filtering, in which they physically blocked the silkworm with their lips while consuming the leaves. Silkworms that entered the mouths of goats (rare) were spat out. These findings demonstrate that ungulates are capable of adjusting their feeding behaviour to accurately detect and avoid the ingestion of different insect species.