Tip-of-the-tongue in aging: influence of vocabulary, working memory and processing speed
Tip-of-the-tongue in aging: influence of vocabulary, working memory and processing speed
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DOI：
10.3275/8586
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发表时间：
2012-12-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Pereiro, Arturo X.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Facal, David;Juncos-Rabadan, Onesimo;Pereiro, Arturo X.
背景和目标：众所周知，舌尖（ToT）状态，这是由于失败的语音激活的话，特别是专有名称，更常见于老年人比年轻人。然而，ToT数量增加与认知老化之间的关系仍不清楚。本研究的目的是澄清这种关系，通过检查ToT生产和认知任务，如工作记忆和处理速度测试的性能。方法学：为了研究这些结构之间的关系，133名被试在不同的语言，工作记忆和加工速度任务的表现进行了分析，使用LISREL软件。结果：最佳拟合模型包括年龄对词汇产出变量的直接和间接影响，并以认知变量为中介。该模型结合了年龄通过工作记忆对词汇量的间接影响，以及年龄通过加工速度对ToT的间接影响。结论：结果表明，负调制慢加工的年龄相关的增加ToT和积极的调制工作记忆的词汇，以及词汇和ToT之间没有任何关系。假设ToT事件涉及受控过程，则衰老过程中处理减慢与ToT之间的关系可以解释为反映了受控的补偿机制。(C)2012年，Editrice Kurtis
Background and aims: It is well known that tip-of-the-tongue (ToT) states, which are due to failure in the phonological activation of words, especially proper names, are more common in older than in younger adults. Nevertheless, the relationship between increased numbers of ToTs and cognitive aging remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to clarify this relationship by examining ToT production and the performance of cognitive tasks such as working memory and processing speed tests. Methodology: In order to study the relationships between these constructs, the performance of 133 participants in different language, working memory and processing speed tasks was analysed by use of LISREL software. Results: The best fit model included direct and indirect effects of age, mediated by cognitive variables, on lexical production variables. The model incorporated the indirect effects of age on vocabulary through working memory and also the indirect effect of age on ToT through processing speed. Conclusion: The results indicate negative modulation of slowed processing in the age-related increase of ToT and positive modulation of working memory in vocabulary, as well as an absence of any relation between vocabulary and ToT. Assuming that ToT events involve controlled processes, the relationship between slowed processing and ToT in aging could be interpreted as reflecting controlled compensatory mechanisms. (C) 2012, Editrice Kurtis