Group Size
Group Size
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DOI：
10.1177/000276428102400507
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发表时间：
1981-05
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
A. Paul Hare
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Paul Hare
自最早的群体实验研究以来，群体规模一直是社会心理学家感兴趣的一个变量。1898年，特里普利特（Triplett）通过他对“节奏设定和竞争中的动力因素”的研究开创了一种趋势。他想知道，如果其他人存在竞争关系或者看起来存在竞争关系，那么更多人在场是否会影响个体的表现。1905年之前在德国进行的其他早期研究比较了在家独自学习和在教室学习的单个学生。1903年，泰勒（Taylor）观察到，美国钢铁行业的工人如果与他人一起工作而不是独自工作，他们会放慢工作节奏以符合群体规范。齐美尔（Simmel）在1902年著书时，也对……之间的差异感兴趣。
Group size has been a variable of interest to social-psychologists since the earliest experimental work with groups. In 1898 Triplett set a trend with his study of The dynamogenic factors in pacemaking and competition. He wondered if having more persons present would affect an individual’s performance if the other persons were or appeared to be in competition. Other early studies in Germany before 1905 compared the individual school child working alone at home and in the classroom. Taylor, in 1903, observed that laborers in the steel industry in the United States would slow the pace of their work to conform to a group norm if they were working with others rather than alone. Simmel, writing in 1902, was also interested in the differences between a