Carbon accumulation in a permafrost polygon peatland: steady long‐term rates in spite of shifts between dry and wet conditions
Carbon accumulation in a permafrost polygon peatland: steady long‐term rates in spite of shifts between dry and wet conditions
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永久冻土多边形泥炭地的碳积累：尽管干燥和潮湿条件之间存在变化，但长期速率保持稳定
DOI：
10.1111/gcb.12742
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
11.6
通讯作者：
Couwenberg J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Couwenberg J
冰楔多边形泥炭地含有永久冻土中储存的大量碳。然而，人们对它们与植被和气候变化有关的长期碳积累率（CAR）知之甚少。我们从东北雅库特的一个多边形中收集了四个泥炭剖面，并将其切成连续的0.5 cm切片。AMS 14 C测年水平之间的花粉密度插值提供了每个样品切片中包含的时间跨度，结合体积碳含量，可以在十年和百年时间尺度上重建CAR。通过详细的微观和宏观化石分析，重建了代表干燥古脊和潮湿洼地的植被。我们发现，在过去的一千年里，潮湿和干燥的条件反复变化。干脊与相关的永久冻土生长起源于（相对）温暖的夏季温度阶段，并在相对寒冷的阶段崩溃，说明了环境空气温度和永久冻土之间的中介植被和泥炭的重要作用。四个剖面的平均长期CAR为10.6 ± 5.5 g C m− 2 yr −1。时间加权平均CAR在湿洼地和干脊/丘阶段之间没有显著差异（分别为10.6 ± 5.2 g C m− 2 yr − 1和10.3 ± 5.7 g C m− 2 yr −1）。虽然我们观察到CAR增加与温暖的变化有关，但我们也发现了相反方向的变化，最高的CAR实际上发生在小冰河时期。事实上，CAR似乎受到强大的内部反馈机制的控制，并且在百年时间尺度上大致保持稳定。干脊和湿洼地阶段之间的CAR没有显着差异，表明最近的变暖和相关的灌木扩张不会影响冰楔多边形泥炭地的碳埋藏的长期速率。
Ice‐wedge polygon peatlands contain a substantial part of the carbon stored in permafrost soils. However, little is known about their long‐term carbon accumulation rates (CAR) in relation to shifts in vegetation and climate. We collected four peat profiles from one single polygon in NE Yakutia and cut them into contiguous 0.5 cm slices. Pollen density interpolation between AMS14C dated levels provided the time span contained in each of the sample slices, which – in combination with the volumetric carbon content – allowed for the reconstruction of CAR over decadal and centennial timescales. Vegetation representing dry palaeo‐ridges and wet depressions was reconstructed with detailed micro‐ and macrofossil analysis. We found repeated shifts between wet and dry conditions during the past millennium. Dry ridges with associated permafrost growth originated during phases of (relatively) warm summer temperature and collapsed during relatively cold phases, illustrating the important role of vegetation and peat as intermediaries between ambient air temperature and the permafrost. The average long‐term CAR across the four profiles was 10.6 ± 5.5 g C m−2yr−1. Time‐weighted mean CAR did not differ significantly between wet depression and dry ridge/hummock phases (10.6 ± 5.2 g C m−2yr−1and 10.3 ± 5.7 g C m−2yr−1, respectively). Although we observed increased CAR in relation to warm shifts, we also found changes in the opposite direction and the highest CAR actually occurred during the Little Ice Age. In fact, CAR rather seems to be governed by strong internal feedback mechanisms and has roughly remained stable on centennial time scales. The absence of significant differences in CAR between dry ridge and wet depression phases suggests that recent warming and associated expansion of shrubs will not affect long‐term rates of carbon burial in ice‐wedge polygon peatlands.
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