Anticipatory postural adjustments in children with typical motor development
Anticipatory postural adjustments in children with typical motor development
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DOI：
10.1007/s00221-010-2347-7
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发表时间：
2010-08-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Aruin, Alexander S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Girolami, Gay L.;Shiratori, Takako;Aruin, Alexander S.
预期姿势调整（APA）在许多需要保持垂直姿势的活动中起着重要作用。然而，很少有人知道儿童如何利用APA在自我诱导的姿势扰动。一组7-16岁的儿童，具有典型的运动发育，站在力量平台上进行各种手臂运动。通过记录两侧躯干和腿部6块肌肉的肌电活动和压力中心位移（COP）来测量APA。预期爆发的活动在躯干和腿的背侧肌群和腹侧肌群的抑制，以及后COP位移被发现在执行双边肩屈曲。相反，在双侧肩关节伸展，COP位移是前，和APA被逆转，显示腹侧肌群的活动和抑制在背侧肌肉的爆发。在右和左往复臂运动，COP位移是最小的和APA产生的背侧肌肉群的一侧的向前移动的手臂和腹侧肌肉群的一侧的手臂移动到扩展。然而，这种模式逆转小腿肌肉，其中APA产生在腹侧肌肉的一侧向前移动的手臂和背侧肌肉的一侧的手臂移动到伸展。本研究的结果表明，具有典型运动发育的儿童能够产生APA，产生肌肉活动的特定任务序列，并区分矢状面和横断面的扰动。这项研究的结果表明，至少在7岁时，典型发育中的儿童表现出产生预期肌肉激活和抑制模式的能力，沿着压力中心的变化，与健康成人报告的情况相似。
Anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs) play an important role in the performance of many activities requiring the maintenance of vertical posture. However, little is known about how children utilize APAs during self-induced postural perturbations. A group of children, aged 7-16 years, with typical motor development, performed various arm movements while standing on a force platform. APAs were measured by recording the electromyographic activity of six trunk and leg muscles on both sides of the body and displacement of center of pressure (COP). Anticipatory bursts of activity in the dorsal muscle groups of the trunk and legs and suppression in the ventral muscle groups as well as posterior COP displacement were found during the performance of bilateral shoulder flexion. Conversely, during bilateral shoulder extension, the COP displacement was anterior, and APAs were reversed showing bursts of activity in the ventral muscle groups and suppression in the dorsal muscles. During right and left reciprocal arm movements, COP displacement was minimal and APAs were generated in the dorsal muscle groups on the side of the forward moving arm and in the ventral muscle groups on the side of the arm moving into extension. However this pattern reversed for lower leg muscles, where APAs were generated in the ventral muscles on the side of forward moving arm and in the dorsal muscle on the side of the arm moving into extension. The results of this study indicate that children with typical motor development are able to generate APAs, produce task-specific sequencing of muscle activity and differentiate between perturbations in the sagittal and transverse planes. The results of this study indicate that by at least age 7, children who are typically developing demonstrate the ability to generate patterns of anticipatory muscle activation and suppression, along with center of pressure changes, similar to those reported in healthy adults.