Exposure to Countering Messages Online: Alleviating or Strengthening False Belief?
Exposure to Countering Messages Online: Alleviating or Strengthening False Belief?
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DOI：
10.1089/cyber.2019.0227
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发表时间：
2019-11
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Yuko Tanaka;Rumi Hirayama
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yuko Tanaka;Rumi Hirayama
发布反信息通常被用作打击网上传播虚假谣言的策略。过去的研究已经调查了反信息暴露的有效性，但对其影响却知之甚少。本研究的目的是通过调查影响反信息曝光有效性的因素，促进对谣言控制的理解。在一项基于网络的实验中，共有 164 名参与者被要求判断反信息曝光前后谣言和事实推文的可信度。比较了两种形式的反信息，以检查反信息对目标推文中信念变化的影响。一种是基于个人经历的主观反信息，另一种是基于证据的客观反信息。结果表明，客观的反信息减少了对谣言推文的信任，而主观的反信息则强化了错误的信念。此外，一半随机接触客观反信息和主观反信息的参与者不仅对谣言推文而且对事实推文都形成了负面态度。结果还显示，对反信息暴露的反应存在性别差异。女性往往更容易受到反信息的影响，并在曝光后改变了对目标推文的负面看法。我们讨论了与反信息暴露的不利影响相关的结果的实际意义。
Posting countermessages is commonly used as a strategy to combat false rumors spreading online. The effectiveness of countermessage exposure has been investigated in past studies, but little is known about its repercussions. The aim of this study was to contribute to the understanding of rumor control by investigating the factors impacting the effectiveness of countermessage exposure. A total of 164 participants were asked to judge the believability of rumor and factual tweets before and after countermessage exposure in a web-based experiment. Two forms of countermessage were compared to examine the effects of countermessages on belief change in the target tweets. One was subjective countermessages based on personal experiences, and the other was objective countermessages based on evidence. The results showed that objective countermessages reduced belief in rumor tweets, whereas subjective countermessages strengthened false beliefs. In addition, the half of the participants who were exposed to objective countermessages randomly mixed with subjective countermessages formed negative attitudes not only toward the rumor tweets but also toward the factual tweets. The results also showed gender differences in response to countermessage exposure; women tended to be more susceptible to countermessages and changed their beliefs regarding the target tweets negatively after the exposure. We discuss the practical implications of the results associated with the adverse effects of countermessage exposure.