Landscape structure influences pollinator movements and directly affects plant reproductive success
Landscape structure influences pollinator movements and directly affects plant reproductive success
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1600-0706.2011.19704.x
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发表时间：
2012-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Ollerton, Jeff
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cranmer, Louise;McCollin, Duncan;Ollerton, Jeff
传粉者在维持植物种群以及为许多农作物授粉以生产种子和水果方面发挥着关键作用。传粉动物的流动性是显着的，他们的重要性，但我们知道的景观结构如何影响传粉动物的运动。植物篱、植物篱等线状景观特征是农业景观结构的显著特征，也是重要的人工生境。然而，有一些争论，这些景观元素之间的走廊大面积的半自然栖息地分隔城市和农业栖息地的功能。很少有研究专门研究昆虫飞行线性景观元素的反应。通过观察大黄蜂飞行行为沿着树篱，并通过创建一个中等规模的实验阵列的花补丁使用人工线性功能，我们研究了这种结构是否可以引起定向飞行响应沿着他们，从而促进昆虫运动通过景观。我们发现，绿篱和人工线性景观功能可以影响熊蜂（熊蜂种）的飞行方向。蜂科（Hyattera，Apidae），欧洲最重要的传粉者之一。一个生物测定实验中，鼠尾草（唇形科）种植到景观斑块与不同数量的连接绿篱表明，这种定向反应可以有深远的影响，植物繁殖成功的植物增加了传粉者的活动，花粉接收和随后的种子设置在补丁更多的连接。因此，景观的整体树篱连通性对熊蜂运动和依赖熊蜂授粉服务的植物都很重要。
Pollinators play a key role within most terrestrial communities in maintaining plant populations, as well as pollinating many agricultural crops for seed and fruit production. The mobility of pollinating animals is significant to their importance but we know little about how landscape structure influences pollinator movements. Linear landscape features such as hedgerows and embankments are conspicuous features of agricultural landscape structure and are important artificial habitats in their own right. However, there has been some debate as to the function of these landscape elements as corridors between larger expanses of semi-natural habitat separated by urban and agricultural habitats. Few studies have specifically studied insect flight responses to linear landscape elements. By observing bumblebee flight behaviour along hedgerows and, by creating a medium-scale experimental array of flower patches using an artificial linear feature, we examined whether such structures can elicit an oriented flight response along them and therefore facilitate insect movement through the landscape. We found that both hedgerows and artificial linear landscape features can influence the flight directions of bumblebees (Bombus spp. Hymenoptera, Apidae), one of Europe's most important groups of pollinators. A bioassay experiment in which Salvia pratensis (Lamiaceae) was planted into landscape patches with differing numbers of connecting hedgerows showed that this directional response can have a profound effect on plant reproductive success plants had increased pollinator activity, pollen receipt and subsequent seed set in patches with more connections. The overall hedgerow connectedness of a landscape is therefore important both to bumblebee movement and to those plants which depend on bumblebees for pollination services.