Experimental evaluation of UAV spraying for peach trees of different shapes: Effects of operational parameters on droplet distribution
Experimental evaluation of UAV spraying for peach trees of different shapes: Effects of operational parameters on droplet distribution
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DOI：
10.1016/j.compag.2020.105282
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发表时间：
2020-03-01
影响因子：
8.3
通讯作者：
Lan, Yubin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Meng, Yanhua;Su, Jinya;Lan, Yubin
小型植保无人机(UAVs)以其高效、灵活、低耗水量、不破坏作物和土壤等特点，在现代农业管理(包括空中喷洒)中得到了广泛的应用，大大提高了农业生产力和可持续性。然而，无人机的操作参数对无人机喷雾中的液滴分布有显著的影响，从而显著影响农药的利用率和处理效果。因此，本工作旨在评估无人机操作参数对果树液滴分布的影响。本研究以世界上重要的果树--桃树为研究对象，考虑了Y形和CL形两种典型的树形。具体而言，无人机喷雾试验在山东省中国果树研究所进行，喷雾平台选用3WQF120-12型气动直升机。正在考虑的无人机操作参数包括飞行路线(列下、列间)、飞行速度(2、3、4、5m/S四个级别)、喷雾次数(1比2)和喷嘴流量。通过水敏试纸获得不同位置和不同层次的液滴覆盖率，作为评价喷雾性能的指标。试验结果表明：(1)Y型桃树和CL型桃树喷雾均匀度不同，Y型桃树在内层和外层位置均表现出均一性。对于Y形桃树，行内路径的液滴覆盖率较高，而对于CL形桃行间路径，不仅节省了喷雾量，而且提高了液滴覆盖率；(3)对于两种树形，飞行速度的提高(2~5m/S)显著降低了液滴覆盖率；(4)对于Y型桃，喷雾次数加倍会降低单位面积的喷雾性能。(5)对于行内路径的CL型桃，将喷嘴流量从1.8提高到2.2L.min(-1)可以显著提高上下两层的雾滴覆盖率。本研究可为小型无人机在桃树及类似果园的空中喷洒提供一些基础性的指导。
Small-scale plant protection Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are finding a wide range of appli cations In modern agriculture management (including aerial spraying) due to their high efficiency and flexibility, low labour/water requirement and no damage to crops and soils, which substantially increase agricultural productivity and sustainability. UAV operational parameters, however, have remarkable effects on droplet distribution in UAV spraying, which significantly affect pesticide utilization rate and treatment effectiveness. Therefore, this work aimed to evaluate the effects of UAV operational parameters on droplet distribution for orchard trees. In particular, peach, an important orchard tree worldwide, is investigated in this study, and two typical tree shapes were considered including Y-shape and Central Leader (CL)-shape. Specifically, UAV spraying experiments were performed in Shandong Institute of Pomology, Shandong Province, China, and gas powered helicopter 3WQF120-12 was chosen as the spraying platform. The UAV operational parameters under consideration include flight route (infra-row, inter-row), flight velocity (four levels: 2, 3, 4, 5 m/s), number of spray times (1 vs 2) and nozzle flow rate. Droplet coverage rate at different positions and layers, obtained by water sensitive papers, was chosen as the metric to evaluate spraying performance. Experimental results show that: (1) the spraying uniformity is different between Y-shape and CL-shape peach tree, where Y-shape exhibits uniformity for positions at inner or outer layers. CL-shape results in a higher droplet coverage at top layer while with uniformity at lower three layers; (2) for Y-shape peach, intra-row route obtained a higher droplet coverage rate; while for CL-shape peach inter-row not only saved spraying volume but also results in a higher droplet coverage rate; (3) for both tree shapes, the increase in flight velocity (2-5 m/s) significantly decreased the droplet coverage rate; (4)for Y-shape peach with doubling the number of spraying times decreased the spraying performance for unit area.(5) for CL-shape peach with intra-row route, increasing the nozzle flow rate from 1.8 to 2.2 L.min(-1) can significantly improve the droplet coverage rate at top and bottom two layers. It is envisioned that this study can provide some fundamental guidance of the operation of small UAVs for the aerial spraying of peach trees and similar orchards.