The Microbiome and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation
The Microbiome and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation
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DOI：
10.1007/s40778-014-0006-9
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发表时间：
2015-01
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Daniela Sporrer;A. Gessner;T. Hehlgans;P. Oefner;E. Holler
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Daniela Sporrer;A. Gessner;T. Hehlgans;P. Oefner;E. Holler
移植物抗宿主病（GvHD）是异基因干细胞移植后死亡和发病的主要原因。最近，粪便标本中16S rRNA基因高变区的深度测序显著增强了我们对微生物组在GvHD中可能的病理生理作用的理解。在这里，我们总结了微生物组参与的间接和直接证据。无菌小鼠实验和先天免疫受体单核苷酸多态性分析提供了肠道微生物群作用的间接证据。直接16S rRNA测序显示GvHD患者粪便标本的多样性大量丧失，这与较差的结局相关。我们讨论了抗菌肽干扰等机制以及通过微生物组调节减少并发症的潜在方法。
Graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) is the major cause of mortality and morbidity after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Recently, deep sequencing of the hypervariable regions of the 16S rRNA gene in stool specimens significantly enhanced our understanding of a likely pathophysiologic role of the microbiome in GvHD. Here, we summarize the indirect and direct evidence for a microbiome involvement. Indirect evidence for a role of the intestinal microbiota has been provided by experiments in germ-free mice and single nucleotide polymorphism analysis of receptors of innate immunity. Direct 16S rRNA sequencing showed a substantial loss of diversity in stool specimens from patients with GvHD, which is associated with inferior outcomes. We discuss mechanisms such as interference with antimicrobial peptides and potential approaches to reduce complications by microbiome modulation.