Introducing CUBES: the Cassegrain U-band Brazil-ESO spectrograph
Introducing CUBES: the Cassegrain U-band Brazil-ESO spectrograph
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CUBES 简介：卡塞格伦 U 波段巴西 ESO 摄谱仪
作者：
P. Bristow;B. Barbuy;V. Macanhan;B. Castilho;H. Dekker;B. Delabre;M. Diaz;C. Gneiding;F. Kerber;H. Kuntschner;G. L. Mura;R. Reiss;J. Vernet
CUBES是一种高效、中分辨率（R≃20,000）的光谱仪，专用于“地面紫外线”（波长范围约为300至400nm），将于2018/19年用于ESO VLT单位望远镜之一的Cassegrain焦点。CUBES项目是ESO与圣保罗大学天文研究所（Geof ‘ ısica e Ci´encias Atmosf ’ americas (IAG)）和巴西国家天文实验室ıca （LNA）的合资项目。立方体将为恒星和星系外的来源提供大量新的和相关的信息。原理科学案例包括研究贫金属恒星中的重元素，通过研究紫外范围内的分子带直接测定碳、氮和氧的丰度，测定铍的丰度，以及研究活动星系核和星系间介质。凭借流线型的现代仪器设计，高效率的分散元件和紫外线敏感探测器，它将使现有的地面中高分辨率光谱仪的灵敏度显着提高，从而大大增加了天文学界可访问的样本量。我们在这里简要介绍了这个项目，介绍了推动设计的科学案例，并讨论了设计选项和技术挑战。
CUBES is a high-efficiency, medium-resolution (R ≃ 20, 000) spectrograph dedicated to the “ground based UV” (approximately the wavelength range from 300 to 400nm) destined for the Cassegrain focus of one of ESO’s VLT unit telescopes in 2018/19. The CUBES project is a joint venture between ESO and Instituto de Astronomia, Geof´ısica e Ciˆencias Atmosf´ericas (IAG) at the Universidade de S˜ao Paulo and the Brazilian Laborat´orio Nacional de Astrofs´ıca (LNA). CUBES will provide access to a wealth of new and relevant information for stellar as well as extra-galactic sources. Principle science cases include the study of heavy elements in metal-poor stars, the direct determination of carbon, nitrogen and oxygen abundances by study of molecular bands in the UV range and the determination of the Beryllium abundance as well as the study of active galactic nuclei and the inter-galactic medium. With a streamlined modern instrument design, high efficiency dispersing elements and UV-sensitive detectors, it will enable a significant gain in sensitivity over existing ground based medium-high resolution spectrographs enabling vastly increased sample sizes accessible to the astronomical community. We present here a brief overview of the project, introducing the science cases that drive the design and discussing the design options and technological challenges.