Relationships Between Generalized Impulsivity and Subjective Stimulant and Sedative Responses Following Alcohol Administration
Relationships Between Generalized Impulsivity and Subjective Stimulant and Sedative Responses Following Alcohol Administration
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DOI：
10.1037/adb0000512
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发表时间：
2019-11-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
King, Andrea C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Berey, Benjamin L.;Leeman, Robert F.;King, Andrea C.
冲动和对酒精的主观反应(即个体对药理酒精效应的敏感性差异)都是酒精使用障碍的经验支持的风险因素；然而，这些结构作为相关风险因素的研究很少。本研究考察了冲动性的自我报告测量(即，Barratt冲动量表，第11版)与急性酒精效应(即兴奋剂和镇静剂SR)有关。参与者来自芝加哥社会饮酒项目的两个队列。来自队列1(n=156)的大量饮酒者和少量饮酒者(n=156)以及来自队列2(n=104)的重度社交饮酒者在使用受试者内口服酒精后，使用相同的实验室方案进行检查。双盲、安慰剂对照实验室研究设计。在基线时测量自我报告的冲动和感觉寻求，并在饮酒前和之后测量SR一次和4次。更冲动的轻，但不重，思想者报告说，酒精注射后刺激性SR增加。高冲动、轻度饮酒者报告的刺激性SR与重度饮酒者相似，而低冲动、轻度饮酒者报告的刺激性SR有限。冲动和感觉寻求之间的交互作用对刺激性SR没有统计学上的预测作用，总体来说，冲动比感觉寻求对刺激SR有更强的预测作用。然而，在轻度或重度饮酒者中，冲动并不能从统计学上预测镇静SR的抑制。这些发现部分复制和扩展了最近的文献，将自我报告的冲动与酒精引起的高刺激性SR联系在一起。未来的研究方向包括纵向研究和将冲动的多个方面与SR联系起来的研究。
Impulsivity and subjective response (SR) to alcohol (i.e., individual differences in sensitivity to pharmacologic alcohol effects) are both empirically supported risk factors for alcohol use disorder; however, these constructs have been infrequently studied as related risk factors. The present investigation examined a self-report measure of impulsivity (i.e.. the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, Version 11) in relation to acute alcohol effects (i.e., stimulant and sedative SR). Participants came from 2 cohorts of the Chicago Social Drinking Project. Heavy and light drinkers from Cohort 1 (n = 156) and heavy social drinkers from Cohort 2 (n = 104) were examined using identical laboratory protocols following oral alcohol administration using a within-subject. double-blind, placebo-controlled laboratory study design. Self-reported impulsivity and, for comparison purposes, sensation seeking were measured at baseline, and SR was measured once prior to and 4 times following alcohol administration. More impulsive light, but not heavy, thinkers reported heightened stimulant SR following alcohol administration. High impulsive, light drinkers reported stimulant SR at a magnitude similar to that for heavy drinkers, whereas low impulsive, light drinkers reported limited stimulant SR. The interaction between impulsivity and sensation seeking did not statistically predict stimulant SR, and overall, impulsivity was a stronger predictor than was sensation seeking. However, impulsivity was not statistically predictive of dampened sedative SR among light or heavy drinkers. These findings partially replicate and extend the recent literature linking self-reported impulsivity to heightened stimulant SR from alcohol. Future directions include longitudinal studies and research relating multiple facets of impulsivity to SR.