A comment on the Equation of State and the freezing point equation with respect to subglacial lake modelling
A comment on the Equation of State and the freezing point equation with respect to subglacial lake modelling
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对冰下湖泊模拟中的状态方程和冰点方程的评述
DOI：
10.1016/j.epsl.2010.03.005
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发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Grosfeld
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Grosfeld
经验状态方程(EOS)允许根据盐度、温度和压力来计算水的密度。水密度是决定海洋和湖泊内部结构和流态的重要参数。因此，它在数值模型中的精确表示对于具体的模拟结果至关重要。三个参数，即盐度、温度和压力对状态方程有着复杂的相互依赖关系。因此，较暖的水域是下沉还是上升，取决于周围的盐度和压力。冰点经验公式(EoFP)允许计算水的凝固点与压力和盐度的关系。这两个方程对于模拟南极冰架下或冰下湖泊的冰-水界面的基本物质平衡是必要的。本文的目标有三个：首先，我们对过去几十年来海洋和湖泊数值模式中最常用的EOS和EoFP公式进行了评述。然后，我们描述了最近的和自洽的吉布斯热力学势公式的EOS和EoFP对冰下湖泊模拟的影响。最后，我们表明，与被较浅冰盖覆盖的湖泊，如冰下埃尔斯沃斯湖相比，至少被3000米冰覆盖的冰下湖泊的循环机制原则上与特定的公式无关。然而，由于冰湖界面的冻结和融化模式或积冰的分布等模型值对不同的Eos和EoFP很敏感，我们给出了冰下沃斯托克湖和康科迪亚湖的更新值。
The empirical Equation of State (EoS) allows the calculation of the density of water in dependence of salinity, temperature, and pressure. Water density is an important quantity to determine the internal structure and flow regime of ocean and lakes. Hence, its exact representation in numerical models is of utmost importance for the specific simulation results. The three parameters namely salinity, temperature, and pressure have a complex interdependency on the EoS. Whether warmer water parcels sink or rise, therefore depends on the surrounding salinity and pressure. The empirical Equation of Freezing Point (EoFP) allows to calculate the pressure- and salinity-dependent freezing point of water. Both equations are necessary to model the basal mass balance below Antarctic ice shelves or at the ice–water interface of subglacial lakes. This article aims three tasks: first we comment on the most common formulations of the EoS and the EoFP applied in numerical ocean and lake models during the past decades. Then we describe the impact of the recent and self-consistent Gibbs thermodynamic potential formulation of the EoS and the EoFP on subglacial lake modelling. Finally, we show that the circulation regime of subglacial lakes covered by at least 3000m of ice, in principle, is independent of the particular formulation, in contrast to lakes covered by a shallower ice sheet, like e.g., Subglacial Lake Ellsworth. However, as modelled values like the freezing and melting patterns or the distribution of accreted ice at the ice–lake interface are sensitive to different EoS and EoFP, we present updated values for Subglacial Lake Vostok and Subglacial Lake Concordia.
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DOI：
10.1007/978-94-011-5096-5
发表时间：
1998
期刊：
--
影响因子：
--
作者：
E. Chassignet;J. Verron
通讯作者：
E. Chassignet;J. Verron
三维数值模型在南极冰下湖沃斯托克湖中的应用
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Michael J. M. Williams
通讯作者：
Michael J. M. Williams
模拟南极洲冰下沃斯托克湖的混合和循环
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Grosfeld
通讯作者：
Grosfeld
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
I. Filina;D. Blankenship;M. Thoma;V. Lukin;V. N. Masolov;Mrinal K. Sen
通讯作者：
I. Filina;D. Blankenship;M. Thoma;V. Lukin;V. N. Masolov;Mrinal K. Sen
沃斯托克湖难以到达的水体混合和循环的先验估计
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
A. Wüest;E. Carmack
通讯作者：
E. Carmack