Considerations for fitting occupancy models to data from eBird and similar volunteer-collected data
Considerations for fitting occupancy models to data from eBird and similar volunteer-collected data
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将占用模型与 eBird 数据和类似志愿者收集的数据进行拟合的注意事项
DOI：
10.1093/ornithology/ukad035
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Johnston, Alison
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hochachka, Wesley M.;Ruiz-Gutierrez, Viviana;Johnston, Alison
占用模型利用被构造为对许多站点中的每个站点的重复访问集合的数据，以便在使用包含在重复观测集合中的信息校正不完美检测之后估计实际占用概率(即，占用站点的比例)。我们探索了从公民科学项目eBird收集的先前存在的志愿者数据可以用于拟合入住率模型的条件。由于eBird的大部分数据不是以在个别地点重复观测的形式收集的，因此我们探索了两种可以在入住率模型中使用单次访问记录的方法。首先，我们评估了空间换时间的可能性：将一个区域内不同位置的单次访问记录聚合为伪重复访问。平均而言，eBird的观察员没有在代表周围地区栖息地的位置进行观测，这将导致在使用空间换时间替代时对入住率的偏颇估计。因此，用空间代替时间并不总是合适的。其次，我们探索了包括来自单次访问记录的数据来补充重复访问数据集的效用。在一项模拟研究中，我们发现，只有在检测概率较高的情况下，包括单次访问记录才能提高入住率估计的精度。当检测概率较低时，单次访问记录的添加加剧了对入住率估计的偏差。我们的结论是，来自eBird的数据子集，以及可能来自类似项目的数据，可以用于入住率建模，要么使用空间换时间替代，要么使用来自单次访问记录的数据补充重复访问数据。这两种选择的适当性将取决于一项研究的目标以及发现和占据感兴趣物种的概率。
An occupancy model makes use of data that are structured as sets of repeated visits to each of many sites, in order to estimate the actual probability of occupancy (i.e. proportion of occupied sites) after correcting for imperfect detection using the information contained in the sets of repeated observations. We explore the conditions under which preexisting, volunteer-collected data from the citizen science project eBird can be used for fitting occupancy models. Because the majority of eBird’s data are not collected in the form of repeated observations at individual locations, we explore 2 ways in which the single-visit records could be used in occupancy models. First, we assess the potential for space-for-time substitution: aggregating single-visit records from different locations within a region into pseudo-repeat visits. On average, eBird’s observers did not make their observations at locations that were representative of the habitat in the surrounding area, which would lead to biased estimates of occupancy probabilities when using space-for-time substitution. Thus, the use of space-for-time substitution is not always appropriate. Second, we explored the utility of including data from single-visit records to supplement sets of repeated-visit data. In a simulation study we found that inclusion of single-visit records increased the precision of occupancy estimates, but only when detection probabilities are high. When detection probability was low, the addition of single-visit records exacerbated biases in estimates of occupancy probability. We conclude that subsets of data from eBird, and likely from similar projects, can be used for occupancy modeling either using space-for-time substitution or supplementing repeated-visit data with data from single-visit records. The appropriateness of either alternative will depend on the goals of a study and on the probabilities of detection and occupancy of the species of interest.
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