Host diversity begets parasite diversity: bird final hosts and trematodes in snail intermediate hosts
Host diversity begets parasite diversity: bird final hosts and trematodes in snail intermediate hosts
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2005.3070
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发表时间：
2005-05-22
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Lafferty, KD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hechinger, RF;Lafferty, KD
生物多样性的一个未被重视的方面是，丰富的社区和高丰度可能会促进寄生。对于在整个复杂的生命周期中顺序使用不同宿主物种的寄生虫，“下游”宿主中的寄生虫多样性和丰度应该随着“上游”宿主（携带寄生虫的前几个阶段）的多样性和丰度而逻辑地增加。令人惊讶的是，这种逻辑假设几乎没有经验支持，特别是关于后生动物寄生虫。很少有研究试图直接测试这一想法，大多数都缺乏适当的调查规模。在两项不同的研究中，我们使用延时摄影来量化鸟类在精细的空间尺度，然后在相同的小空间尺度采样的蜗牛种群中的幼虫吸虫群落相关的鸟类群落。最终宿主鸟类的物种丰富度、物种异质性和丰度与宿主螺体内吸虫的物种丰富度、物种异质性和丰度呈正相关。这种社区一级的相互作用很少被证明，并对社区理论，流行病学理论和生态系统管理的影响。
An unappreciated facet of biodiversity is that rich communities and high abundance may foster parasitism. For parasites that sequentially use different host species throughout complex life cycles, parasite diversity and abundance in 'downstream' hosts should logically increase with the diversity and abundance of,upstream' hosts (which carry the preceding stages of parasites). Surprisingly, this logical assumption has little empirical support, especially regarding metazoan parasites. Few studies have attempted direct tests of this idea and most have lacked the appropriate scale of investigation. In two different studies, we used time-lapse videography to quantify birds at fine spatial scales, and then related bird communities to larval trematode communities in snail populations sampled at the same small spatial scales. Species richness, species heterogeneity and abundance of final host birds were positively correlated with species richness, species heterogeneity and abundance of trematodes in host snails. Such community-level interactions have rarely been demonstrated and have implications for community theory, epidemiological theory and ecosystem management.