The effect of feeding behavior of the gastropods Batillaria zonalis and Cerithideopsilla cingulata on their ambient environment
The effect of feeding behavior of the gastropods Batillaria zonalis and Cerithideopsilla cingulata on their ambient environment
复制标题
腹足动物Batillaria zonalis和Cerithideopsilla cingulata的摄食行为对其周围环境的影响
DOI：
10.1007/s00227-003-1238-x
复制
发表时间：
2004
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
M. Tsuchiya
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Kamimura;M. Tsuchiya
研究了腹足动物 Batillaria zonalis（一种悬浮和沉积物摄食者）和 Cerithideopsilla cingulata（一种专性沉积物摄食者）的摄食行为，以检验它们对沉积物中悬浮物质、总氮 (TN) 和总有机碳 (TOC) 动态的影响。目视详细观察了带状 B. zonalis 的悬浮摄食，因为以前从未报道过。然后构建了一个实验系统，其中 B. zonalis 和 C. cingulata 培养 10 周，使用先前冷冻的微藻微拟球藻作为食物。在摄食观察过程中，悬浮摄食的带状拟杆菌形成粘液“食物绳”来缠绕颗粒物质，随后将其摄入。因此，B. zonalis 的摄食方式被归类为链虫滤食。对于培养实验，仅在 B. zonalis 培养物中观察到悬浮物质的减少，而对照（无腹足动物）和 C. cingulata 培养物几乎保持不变。沉积物 zonalis（平均 TN 为 0.0345%，平均 TOC 为 0.261%）和对照培养物（TN 为 0.0389%，TOC 为 0.331%）之间的沉积物 TN 和 TOC 没有显着差异，但 C. cingulata 培养物中沉积物的水平较低（TN 为 0.0204%，TOC 为 0.156%）。 B. zonalis (7.55) 和 C. cingulata (7.68) 培养物的 C/N 比率相似，并且均低于对照培养物 (8.55)。 B. zonalis 的过滤率低于先前在栖息于同一潮间带的双壳类动物（例如 Cyclina sinensis、Grafrarium tumidum 和 Barbatia virescens）中观察到的过滤率。然而，Batillaria zonalis 的丰度高于这些双壳类。因此，预计该物种对悬浮物质向沉积物的运输有很大影响。 B. zonalis 培养物中沉积物中 TN 和 TOC 的添加可能是由生物沉积引起的，但 B. zonalis 的沉积物摄食可能抑制了这些成分的积累。由于沉积物 TN 和 TOC 较低，沉积物取食对 Cerithideopsilla cingulata 培养物的影响很可能比沉积和生物沉积更强。尽管摄食模式不同，B. zonalis 和 C. cingulata 的生物扰动对沉积物质量产生相同的影响，这两种处理的培养沉积物中的 C/N 较低表明了这一点。本文首次证明了腹足动物在亚热带滩涂栖息地的生物扰动和悬浮物质去除中的重要性。
Feeding behaviors of the gastropods Batillaria zonalis, a suspension and deposit feeder, and Cerithideopsilla cingulata, an obligate deposit feeder, were studied to examine their effect on dynamics of suspended materials, total nitrogen (TN) and total organic carbon (TOC) in sediments. Suspension feeding in B. zonalis was observed in detail visually, as it had been previously unreported. An experimental system where B. zonalis and C. cingulata were cultured for 10 weeks, using previously frozen microalgae Nannochloropsis oculata as food, was then constructed. During feeding observations, the suspension-feeding B. zonalis formed a mucus “food cord” to entangle particulate materials, which were subsequently ingested. The feeding mode of B. zonalis is hence categorized as ctenidial filter feeding. For the culture experiments, decreases in suspended materials were seen only in the B. zonalis cultures, while the control (no gastropods) and C. cingulata cultures remained nearly unchanged. Sediment TN and TOC showed no significant differences between B. zonalis (with mean TN at 0.0345% and mean TOC at 0.261%) and control cultures (with TN at 0.0389% and TOC at 0.331%), but the sediments in C. cingulata cultures had lower levels (with TN at 0.0204% and TOC at 0.156%). The C/N ratios were similar for both B. zonalis (7.55) and C. cingulata (7.68) cultures, and both were lower than the control cultures (8.55). The filtration rate for B. zonalis was lower than that previously observed in bivalves inhabiting the same intertidal flat (e.g. Cyclina sinensis, Grafrarium tumidum and Barbatia virescens). However, Batillaria zonalis occurs at higher abundances than these bivalves. Therefore, it is expected that this species has a large affect upon the transport of suspended materials to the sediments. The addition of TN and TOC to sediments in B. zonalis cultures was probably caused by biodeposition, but deposit feeding by B. zonalis may have restrained the accumulation of those components. The impact of deposit feeding in Cerithideopsilla cingulata cultures was most probably stronger than sedimentation and biodeposition, because of the lower sediment TN and TOC. Bioturbation by both B. zonalis and C. cingulata yields the same effect on sediment quality, as indicated by the low C/N in the culture sediment of both treatments, despite difference in feeding modes. This paper demonstrates, for the first time, the importance of gastropods in bioturbation and removal of suspended materials in subtropical tidal flat habitats.