A DYNAMIC AND STATIC STUDY OF HEPATIC ARTERIOLES AND HEPATIC SPHINCTERS
A DYNAMIC AND STATIC STUDY OF HEPATIC ARTERIOLES AND HEPATIC SPHINCTERS
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DOI：
10.1002/aja.1001190307
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发表时间：
1966-01-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
MCCUSKEY, RS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
MCCUSKEY, RS
本研究的目的是展示肝窦括约肌的细胞学，进一步阐明动脉血分布到肝窦的途径，并研究通过肝窦的动脉和门静脉血流的激素和局部调节。发现括约肌由网状内皮细胞组成，是调节窦状隙血流的主要部位。通过独立或一致收缩，血液的流动通过单个窦状隙、通过供应小叶的一部分的窦状隙或通过供应整个小叶的窦状隙来调节。当括约肌细胞收缩时，其核区突入管腔，使管腔闭塞，肝小动脉以平均42 °的弯曲度绕在邻近的门静脉周围，并通过动静脉窦分支与肝窦相通。没有观察到结构性动脉门静脉闭塞;然而，功能性“动脉门静脉闭塞”是由短枝形成的，短枝终止于其起源附近的窦状隙。没有发现分支终止于中央小静脉附近。这些数据表明，通过肝血窦的血流的局部调节是由缺氧肝细胞释放的血管扩张剂代谢产物（腺苷和/或钾）介导的，这是伴随肝细胞缺氧的快速糖原分解的结果。
The purpose of this investigation was to demonstrate the cytology of the sphincters of hepatic sinusoids, to elucidate further the pathway by which arterial blood is distributed to the sinusoids, and to study the hormonal and local regulation of arterial and portal venous blood flow through the sinusoids. The sphincters were found to consist of reticulo-endothelial cells and were the primary site for the regulation of blood flow through the sinusoids. By contracting independently or in unison the flow of blood was regulated through individual sinusoids, through sinusoids supplying a portion of a lobule, or through sinusoids supplying a whole lobule. When the sphincter cells contracted, their nuclear region bulged into the lumen, thereby occluding it. Hepatic arterioles wereiound to wind around adjacent portal venules with an average curvature of 42[degree] and communicated with sinusoids via arterio-sinus twigs. No structural arterio-portal anastomoses were observed; however, functional "arterio-portal anastomoses" were formed by short twigs which terminated in sinusoids near their origins. No branches were found to terminate near central venules. The data suggest that the local regulation of blood flow through the hepatic sinusoids is mediated by vasodilator metabolites (adenosine and/or potassium) released from hypoxic hepatic cells as a result of the rapid glycogenolysis that accompanies hepatic cellular hypoxia.