Characterization of Low-mass Companions to Kepler Objects of Interest Observed with APOGEE-N
Characterization of Low-mass Companions to Kepler Objects of Interest Observed with APOGEE-N
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DOI：
10.3847/1538-4365/acbcbe
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发表时间：
2023-02
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通讯作者：
C. Cañas;C. Bender;S. Mahadevan;D. Bizyaev;Nathan De Lee;S. Fleming;F. Hearty;S. Majewski;C. Nitschelm;D. Schneider;J. Serna;K. Stassun;G. Stefansson;G. Stringfellow;John C. Wilson
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作者：
C. Cañas;C. Bender;S. Mahadevan;D. Bizyaev;Nathan De Lee;S. Fleming;F. Hearty;S. Majewski;C. Nitschelm;D. Schneider;J. Serna;K. Stassun;G. Stefansson;G. Stringfellow;John C. Wilson
我们报告了28个小质量（0.02 M <$≤ M 2 ≤ 0.25 M <$）的开普勒天体（KOI）的伴星的特征，其中8个是以前确定的行星。开普勒使命探测到这些天体是类日恒星（G和F矮星）的凌日伴星，目前的工作使用北方多路复用阿帕奇点天文台银河演化实验近红外摄谱仪（APOGEE-N）确认它们是单线光谱双星，这是第三和第四次斯隆数字巡天的一部分。我们使用APOGEE-N观察了数百名KOI，共收集了43，175个光谱，中位数为19次访问，每个目标的中位数基线为1.9年。我们联合模型的开普勒测光和APOGEE-N径向速度，以获得基本参数，这一子集的28个过境同伴。与理论模型相比，大多数低质量伴星的半径都被过度膨胀（约10%）。在短周期轨道上的潮汐锁定M矮星显示出最大的膨胀量，但膨胀对于与宿主星星分离良好的同伴也很明显。我们证明，APOGEE-N数据提供了可靠的径向速度相比，精确的高分辨率摄谱仪，使个别系统的详细特征和微弱（H > 12）KOIs的轨道要素的推断。来自整个APOGEE-KOI计划的数据是公开的，并提供了一个机会来描述开普勒观测到的双星群体的广泛子集。
We report the characterization of 28 low-mass (0.02 M ⊙ ≤ M 2 ≤ 0.25 M ⊙) companions to Kepler objects of interest (KOIs), eight of which were previously designated confirmed planets. These objects were detected as transiting companions to Sunlike stars (G and F dwarfs) by the Kepler mission and are confirmed as single-lined spectroscopic binaries in the current work using the northern multiplexed Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment near-infrared spectrograph (APOGEE-N) as part of the third and fourth Sloan Digital Sky Surveys. We have observed hundreds of KOIs using APOGEE-N and collected a total of 43,175 spectra with a median of 19 visits and a median baseline of ∼1.9 yr per target. We jointly model the Kepler photometry and APOGEE-N radial velocities to derive fundamental parameters for this subset of 28 transiting companions. The radii for most of these low-mass companions are overinflated (by ∼10%) when compared to theoretical models. Tidally locked M dwarfs on short-period orbits show the largest amount of inflation, but inflation is also evident for companions that are well separated from the host star. We demonstrate that APOGEE-N data provide reliable radial velocities when compared to precise high-resolution spectrographs that enable detailed characterization of individual systems and the inference of orbital elements for faint (H > 12) KOIs. The data from the entire APOGEE-KOI program are public and present an opportunity to characterize an extensive subset of the binary population observed by Kepler.