Aphid Gall Interactions with Forest Tree Genotypes Influence Leaf Litter Decomposition in Streams
Aphid Gall Interactions with Forest Tree Genotypes Influence Leaf Litter Decomposition in Streams
复制标题
DOI：
10.3390/f11020182
复制
发表时间：
2020-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Bailey, Joseph K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
LeRoy, Carri J.;Fischer, Dylan;Bailey, Joseph K.
在一个占主导地位的河岸森林树木的遗传变异影响的易感性，叶瘿蚜（甜菜天疱疮），诱导植物化学和叶组织结构的变化。研究重点：我们在这里表明，这些变化树叶组织改变相邻的流中落叶分解率和水生大型无脊椎动物群落与流中的一些杨树基因型的垃圾。背景和目标：自然发生的杂交棉白杨（Populus fremontii x Populus angustifolia）对蚜虫的攻击敏感性不同，并且在攻击后诱导的植物化学变化不同。当叶子被蚜虫虫蛀时，叶组织在结构上（通过豌豆大小的虫瘿结构的形成）和植物化学上（通过叶中缩合单宁浓度的增加）发生改变。材料与方法：为了研究蚜虫瘿叶对森林水流过程的影响，我们收集了瘿叶和非瘿叶从五个无性系的三个杂交棉白杨基因型在实验林。我们测量了流凋落物分解率，水生真菌生物量和水生大型无脊椎动物群落组成。结果如下：不同基因型和瘿枯落物处理之间的分解速率不同，其中一个基因型的瘿枯落物的分解速率比其自身的无瘿枯落物加速27%，而其他两个基因型的瘿枯落物和无瘿枯落物之间没有差异。基因型叶瘿地位的相互作用也发生了植物化学的措施，表明复杂的相互作用的流行。同样，我们发现变量的大型无脊椎动物群落，其中一个基因型表现出社区之间的差异galled和ungalled垃圾。结论：这些数据表明，植物遗传学和陆地森林草食动物可能是重要的联系水生和陆地森林的过程，并建议在更细的尺度上（例如，在物种、杂交种和个体内）揭示了重要的生态系统模式。
Genetic variation within a dominant riparian forest tree affects susceptibility to a leaf-galling aphid (Pemphigus betae), which induces phytochemical and structural changes in leaf tissue. Research Highlights: We show here that these changes to tree leaf tissue alter adjacent in-stream leaf litter decomposition rates and the aquatic macroinvertebrate community associated with litter in the stream for some Populus genotypes. Background and Objectives: Naturally occurring hybrid cottonwoods (Populus fremontii x Populus angustifolia) are differentially susceptible to aphid attack and vary in induced phytochemistry following attack. When leaves are galled by aphids, foliar tissue is altered structurally (through the formation of pea-sized gall structures) and phytochemically (through an increase in foliar condensed tannin concentrations). Materials and Methods: To examine the effect of aphid-galled leaves on forest stream processes, we collected both galled and un-galled leaves from five clones of three hybrid cottonwood genotypes in an experimental forest. We measured in-stream litter decomposition rates, aquatic fungal biomass and aquatic macroinvertebrate community composition. Results: Decomposition rates differed among genotypes and the galled litter treatments, with a 27% acceleration of decomposition rate for the galled litter of one genotype compared to its own un-galled litter and no differences between galled and un-galled litters for the other two genotypes. Genotype by foliar gall status interactions also occurred for measures of phytochemistry, indicating a prevalence of complex interactions. Similarly, we found variable responses in the macroinvertebrate community, where one genotype demonstrated community differences between galled and un-galled litter. Conclusions: These data suggest that plant genetics and terrestrial forest herbivory may be important in linking aquatic and terrestrial forest processes and suggest that examination of decomposition at finer scales (e.g., within species, hybrids and individuals) reveals important ecosystem patterns.