Linguistic, cultural, and biological diversity
Linguistic, cultural, and biological diversity
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DOI：
10.1146/annurev.anthro.34.081804.120437
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发表时间：
2005-01-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Maffi, L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Maffi, L
在过去十年中，生物文化多样性领域作为一个跨学科研究领域出现，涉及生物多样性作为生命多样性的表现。这一领域出现的动力来自于这样一种观察，即所有三种多样性都受到某些相同力量的威胁，也来自于这样一种认识，即各级多样性的丧失将给人类和地球带来严重后果。因此，生物文化多样性领域的发展既有理论方面，也有实践方面，后者侧重于实地工作和政策，并有伦理和人权组成部分。本评论提供了一些背景的历史渊源和开端，这一领域的哲学和伦理基础，然后调查的关键文献生物文化多样性，集中在三个主要方面：全球和区域的研究语言，文化和生物多样性之间的联系;生物文化多样性的测量和评估;和生物文化多样性的保护和维护。审查的结论是对这一新兴领域的未来前景的一些考虑。
Over the past decade, the field of biocultural diversity has arisen as an area of transdisciplinary research concerned with investigatcal diversity as manifestations of the diversity of life. The impetus for the emergence of this field came from the observation that all three diversities are under threat by some of the same forces and from the perception that loss of diversity at all levels spells dramatic consequences for humanity and the earth. Accordingly, the field of biocultural diversity has developed with both a theoretical and a practical side, the latter focusing on on-the-ground work and policy, as well as with an ethics and human rights component. This review provides some background on the historical antecedents and beginnings of this field and on its philosophical and ethical underpinnings, and then surveys the key literature on biocultural diversity, concentrating on three main aspects: global and regional studies on the links between linguistic, cultural, and biological diversity; the measurement and assessment of biocultural diversity; and the protection and maintenance of biocultural diversity. The review concludes with some considerations about future prospects for this emerging field.