Modeling and simulation of melt-layer erosion during plasma disruption
Modeling and simulation of melt-layer erosion during plasma disruption
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DOI：
10.1016/s0022-3115(97)80051-7
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发表时间：
1997-02
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
A. Hassanein;V. Belan;I. Konkashbaev;L. B. Nikandrov;V. Safronov;A. Zhitlukhin;V. Litunovsky
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Hassanein;V. Belan;I. Konkashbaev;L. B. Nikandrov;V. Safronov;A. Zhitlukhin;V. Litunovsky
面向等离子体的金属组件 (PFC)，例如铍和钨在等离子体不稳定性（例如中断、边缘局域模式和高功率偏移）期间将遭受严重熔化。由于所产生的熔体层相对于表面汽化的厚度更大，因此形成的熔体层的潜在损失会显着缩短PFC寿命、严重污染等离子体并可能阻碍托卡马克反应堆的成功运行。正在对等离子体不稳定期间熔体层损失的机制进行建模和评估。特别重要的是，由于各种力（例如来自磁场、等离子体冲击动量、蒸汽反冲力和表面张力的力）而在液体层中产生的流体动力学不稳定性。另一种导致熔体层飞溅损失的机制是体积气泡沸腾，这可能是由于液体层过热造成的。为了对这些模型进行基准测试，针对这项工作，在不同的实验室设备中设计并进行了一些新的实验；对结果进行检查和比较。理论预测（A*THERMAL-S 和 SPLASH 代码）通常与实验结果非常吻合。讨论了模拟实验中不存在的反应堆内破坏条件对熔体层侵蚀的影响。
Metallic plasma-facing components (PFCs) e.g. beryllium and tungsten, will be subjected to severe melting during plasma instabilities such as disruptions, edge-localized modes and high power excursions. Because of the greater thickness of the resulting melt layers relative to that of the surface vaporization, the potential loss of the developing melt-layer can significantly shorten PFC lifetime, severely contaminate the plasma and potentially prevent successful operation of the tokamak reactor. Mechanisms responsible for melt-layer loss during plasma instabilities are being modeled and evaluated. Of particular importance are hydrodynamic instabilities developed in the liquid layer due to various forces such as those from magnetic fields, plasma impact momentum, vapor recoil and surface tension. Another mechanism found to contribute to melt-layer splashing loss is volume bubble boiling, which can result from overheating of the liquid layer. To benchmark these models, several new experiments were designed and performed in different laboratory devices for this work; the results are examined and compared. Theoretical predictions (A∗THERMAL-S and SPLASH codes) are generally in good agreement with the experimental results. The effect of in-reactor disruption conditions, which do not exist in simulation experiments, on melt-layer erosion is discussed.