Transgenic plants as factories for biopharmaceuticals
Transgenic plants as factories for biopharmaceuticals
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DOI：
10.1038/81132
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发表时间：
2000-11-01
影响因子：
46.9
通讯作者：
Carter, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Giddings, G;Allison, G;Carter, A
植物在生产生物制药蛋白质和肽方面具有相当大的潜力，因为它们很容易转化并提供廉价的蛋白质来源。一些生物技术公司目前正在积极开发植物表达系统、进行现场测试并申请专利，同时对源自植物表达系统的首批生物制药进行临床试验。一种转基因植物源生物制药水蛭素现已首次在加拿大进行商业化生产。产品纯化可能是一个昂贵的过程，目前正在开发各种方法来克服这个问题，包括允许用油体提取的油质融合技术。在某些情况下，通过直接摄入改良植物来输送生物制药产品可能无需纯化。此类生物药品和食用疫苗可以作为种子、块茎或水果储存和分发，从而使发展中国家的免疫计划更便宜并且可能更容易管理。一些最昂贵但供应有限的生物药品，例如葡萄糖脑苷脂酶，可以通过转基因植物生产变得更便宜、更充足。
Plants have considerable potential for the production of biopharmaceutical proteins and peptides because they are easily transformed and provide a cheap source of protein. Several biotechnology companies are now actively developing, field testing, and patenting plant expression systems, while clinical trials are proceeding on the first biopharmaceuticals derived from them. One transgenic plant-derived biopharmaceutical, hirudin, is now being commercially produced in Canada for the first time. Product purification is potentially an expensive process, and various methods are currently being developed to overcome this problem, including oleosin-fusion technology, which allows extraction with oil bodies. In some cases, delivery of a biopharmaceutical product by direct ingestion of the modified plant potentially removes the need for purification. Such biopharmaceuticals and edible Vaccines can be stored and distributed as seeds, tubers, or fruits, making immunization programs in developing countries cheaper and potentially easier to administer. Some of the most expensive biopharmaceuticals of restricted availability, such as glucocerebrosidase, could become much cheaper and more plentiful through production in transgenic plants.