The Changing English Verb Phrase Investigating recent language change with corpora Introduction
The Changing English Verb Phrase Investigating recent language change with corpora Introduction
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不断变化的英语动词短语用语料库调查最近的语言变化简介
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发表时间：
2013
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通讯作者：
S. Wallis
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作者：
S. Wallis
英语语言学中有一个令人兴奋的新兴研究领域，它关注当前的变化，即在相对较短的时间内发生的语言变化，几十年而不是几个世纪，就像传统的历时语言学一样。过去，许多学者研究过较短时间内的变化，例如巴伯（1964），以及最近的丹尼森（1993，1998，2001，2004），Krug（2000），Leech（2003，2004），Leech和Smith（2006，2009），Mair（1995，1997），Mair和Hundt（1995，1997），Mair和Leech（2006），以及Smith（2002，2003 a，2003 b，2005）。Leech，Hundt，Mair and Smith（2009）是一本最先进的研究出版物，旨在概述英语语法各个子系统的变化，并首次提供了书面英语语法系统变化趋势的相对全面的说明。本书基于Leech、Hundt、Mair和Smith（2009）报告的书面（印刷）语料库的“布朗家族”，以及其他最近的研究，特别是来自伦敦英语用法调查的研究，特别关注英语口语：例如，Aarts、Close和沃利斯（2010年）、Aarts和Close（2010年）、Aarts、López-Couso和Ménér-Naya（即将出版）、Aarts、Bowie和沃利斯（即将出版）以及Bowie和Aarts（即将出版）。然而，即使是在本书计划出版之后，这个领域也已经取得了很大的进展，现在有了新的机会，可以利用杨百翰大学的马克·戴维斯（Mark Davies）收集的语料库，1以及比伯和格雷（Biber and Gray）的贡献中介绍的更扩展版本的阿彻语料库，来探索美国英语的近代史。因此，我们在本书中汇集了来自世界各地的主要学者，以及一些有前途的年轻研究人员，他们的工作涉及当前英语语法变化的各个方面。有三个参数决定了本书的内容。首先，正如已经宣布的那样，它的重点是当前的变化-我们指的是最近的变化，以及（只要可以确定）当代语言的变化。其次，我们集中讨论了动词短语，包括近年来引起了大量学者关注的各种动词模式和结构。它们包括进行体和完成体、被动语态、意图标记结构、（半）情态动词、否定结构、各种补语模式以及动词和否定缩略语。英语动词语法的任何主要方面都没有被忽视。第三个参数是集中研究语言短期变化模式的方法。本卷的论文均采用文本语料库进行研究。在追溯语言的近代历史时，我们自然会转向历时语料库证据，或者至少是在电子文本或文本集合中发现的证据。这适用于我们是否使用语料库采样从非-
There is an exciting emerging research area in English Linguistics which concerns itself with current change, i.e. changes in the language that have taken place over relatively short spans of time, over decades rather than centuries, as is traditionally the case in diachronic linguistics. Changes across shorter periods of time have been studied in the past by a number of scholars, e.g. by Barber (1964), and more recently by Denison (1993, 1998, 2001, 2004), Krug (2000), Leech (2003, 2004), Leech and Smith (2006, 2009), Mair (1995, 1997), Mair and Hundt (1995, 1997), Mair and Leech (2006), and Smith (2002, 2003a, 2003b, 2005). A number of these publications culminated in Leech, Hundt, Mair and Smith (2009), a state-of-the-art research publication which aims to give an overview of changes in the various sub-systems of English grammar, and offers, for the first time, a relatively comprehensive account of trends of change in the grammatical system of written English. The present volume builds on work based on the ‘Brown family’ of written (printed) corpora reported in Leech, Hundt, Mair and Smith (2009), and other recent research, especially that emanating from the Survey of English Usage at University College London, focusing particularly on spoken English: e.g. Aarts, Close and Wallis (2010), Aarts and Close (2010), Aarts, López-Couso and Méndez-Naya (forthcoming), Aarts, Bowie and Wallis (forthcoming) and Bowie and Aarts (forthcoming). However, even since this book was planned, the field has been moving on greatly, and there are now fresh opportunities to explore the recent history of American English using the corpora assembled by Mark Davies at Brigham Young University, 1 and a more extended version of the ARCHER corpus, as presented here in the contribution of Biber and Gray. We have thus brought together in this book leading scholars from around the world, as well as a number of promising young researchers whose work addresses various aspects of current change in English grammar. There are three parameters determining the content of this book. First, as already announced, its focus is on current change – by which we mean change in the recent past, and (as far as it can be determined) in the contemporary language. Secondly, we focus on the verb phrase, including a wide range of verb patterns and constructions which have attracted an enormous amount of scholarly attention in recent years. They include the progressive and perfect aspects, the passive voice, intention-marking constructions, (semi)-modal verbs, structures of negation, various complementation patterns, and verb and negative contractions. No major facet of the grammar of the English verb is ignored. The third parameter is the concentration on methodologies for investigating shortterm patterns of change in the language. The papers in this volume all carry out research with text corpora. In tracing the recent history of the language, we naturally turn to diachronic corpus evidence, or at least, to the evidence found in electronic texts or text collections. This applies whether or not we are using corpora sampled from non-