Focus on Extracellular Vesicles: Introducing the Next Small Big Thing.
Focus on Extracellular Vesicles: Introducing the Next Small Big Thing.
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DOI：
10.3390/ijms17020170
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发表时间：
2016-02-06
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Mathivanan S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kalra H;Drummen GP;Mathivanan S
长期以来，细胞间通讯被认为仅通过细胞之间的直接接触或通过释放可溶性分子来调节，所述可溶性分子通过与靶细胞上的合适受体结合和/或通过摄取到该细胞中来传递信号。随着小分泌囊泡结构的发现，包含复杂的货物，在其管腔和脂质膜包围他们，一个新的前沿信号转导被发现。这些“细胞外囊泡”（EV）最初被认为是细胞排出废物的垃圾袋。虽然这是一种类型的EV的主要功能，即，尽管许多EV在细胞间通讯和化合物交换中具有复杂的功能，但它们的生理作用仍然不明确。此外，现在越来越清楚的是，EV介导疾病进展，因此研究EV已经引起了来自生命科学各个领域的研究人员的极大兴趣。因此，对EV致病作用的研究工作要高得多，即使它们的保护作用还没有很好地建立起来。“聚焦细胞外囊泡”系列综述突出了EV研究中各种主题的最新技术水平，而这篇综述则是EV、其生物起源和分子组成的介绍性概述。
Intercellular communication was long thought to be regulated exclusively through direct contact between cells or via release of soluble molecules that transmit the signal by binding to a suitable receptor on the target cell, and/or via uptake into that cell. With the discovery of small secreted vesicular structures that contain complex cargo, both in their lumen and the lipid membrane that surrounds them, a new frontier of signal transduction was discovered. These “extracellular vesicles” (EV) were initially thought to be garbage bags through which the cell ejected its waste. Whilst this is a major function of one type of EV, i.e., apoptotic bodies, many EVs have intricate functions in intercellular communication and compound exchange; although their physiological roles are still ill-defined. Additionally, it is now becoming increasingly clear that EVs mediate disease progression and therefore studying EVs has ignited significant interests among researchers from various fields of life sciences. Consequently, the research effort into the pathogenic roles of EVs is significantly higher even though their protective roles are not well established. The “Focus on extracellular vesicles” series of reviews highlights the current state of the art regarding various topics in EV research, whilst this review serves as an introductory overview of EVs, their biogenesis and molecular composition.