Ecosystem simulations supporting ecosystem-based fisheries management in the Coral Triangle, Indonesia
Ecosystem simulations supporting ecosystem-based fisheries management in the Coral Triangle, Indonesia
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2008.02.039
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发表时间：
2008-06-24
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Pitcher, T. J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ainsworth, C. H.;Varkey, D. A.;Pitcher, T. J.
印度尼西亚东部正在进行的一项综合实地研究为新几内亚西海岸四王群岛的营养动力学 Ecosim 生态系统模型提供了数据。模型动态已调整为与为本项目开发的当地渔获量和相对生物量时间序列数据一致，并经专家验证。本文使用该模型来调查与该地区基于生态系统的渔业管理 (EBFM) 相关的五个高度优先的研究问题。在印度尼西亚工作的摄政渔业管理人员和科学合作伙伴提出了这些问题。在这里，我们分析了爆破捕鱼对生态系统的影响，包括营养效应和避难空间的消失。保护区空间的移除对幼年珊瑚礁鱼类种群的危害与渔业本身造成的直接死亡一样，由于珊瑚再生速度缓慢，珊瑚礁损害是累积的。我们量化了限制石斑鱼商业捕捞可能产生的生态和经济影响。手工渔业略有受益，系统生物多样性得到改善，但如果手工渔业加大力度补偿丢失的渔获量，那么这种改善就会消失。我们预测了限制珊瑚礁鱼类商业网捕捞的影响。由于减少了对凤尾鱼猎物的拦截，珊瑚礁鱼类的生物量略有增加，并且对大型中上层物种产生了意想不到的好处。我们评估凤尾鱼和金枪鱼的开发状况，并报告这些渔业对生态系统的影响。四王群岛的所有渔业似乎都得到充分开发或接近充分开发。有迹象表明凤尾鱼提供了一种生态系统服务：大量种群可能会缓冲气候变化下大型中上层鱼类生物量的波动。 (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. 保留所有权利。
A comprehensive field study ongoing in Eastern Indonesia has provided data for a trophodynamic Ecosim ecosystem model of the Raja Ampat archipelago on the west coast of New Guinea. Model dynamics have been tuned to agree with local catch and relative biomass time series data developed for this project, and validated by experts. The model is used in this article to investigate five high priority research questions related to ecosystem-based fisheries management (EBFM) in the region. Regency fisheries managers and scientific partners working in Indonesia posed the questions. Here, we analyze the ecosystem impacts of blast fishing, including trophic effects and removal of refuge space. Removal of refuge space is as harmful to juvenile reef fish populations as direct mortality from the fishery itself, reef damage is cumulative due to the slow re-growth rate of corals. We quantify the likely ecological and economic impacts of limiting commercial fisheries for groupers. Artisanal fisheries benefit slightly and system biodiversity is improved, but the improvement is lost if artisanal fisheries increase effort to compensate for missing catch. We forecast the effects of limiting commercial net fisheries for reef fish. There is a marginal increase in reef fish biomass and an unexpected benefit to large pelagic species due to reduced interception of their anchovy prey. We evaluate the exploitation status of anchovy and tuna and report on the ecosystem effects of these fisheries. All fisheries appear fully exploited in Raja Ampat or nearly so. There is an indication that anchovies provide an ecosystem service: a large population may act to buffer fluctuations in large pelagic fish biomass under climate variation. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.