Designer cell signal processing circuits for biotechnology.
Designer cell signal processing circuits for biotechnology.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.nbt.2014.12.009
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发表时间：
2015-12-25
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Wang B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bradley RW;Wang B
合成生物学家利用模拟和类似数字的分子信号处理在活细胞中创造新的有用功能。广泛的遗传部分和策略已经开发用于实施合成信息处理系统。生物信号处理电路已经被设计用于新型原型生物医学、环境和生物处理应用。微生物由于其固有的复杂信息处理能力，能够对来自其环境和内部代谢的各种信号作出有效反应。合成生物学的一个核心目标是控制和重新编程活细胞内的信号处理途径，以便实现从疾病诊断和环境传感到化学生物生产的重新用途的有益应用。到目前为止，大多数合成生物信号处理的例子都是基于数字信息流建立的，尽管模拟计算正在发展，以科普更复杂的操作和更大的变量集。在扩大可用于细胞信号操纵的特征生物组分的类别方面取得了巨大进展，从而使合成生物学家能够更合理地将日益复杂的行为编程到活细胞中。在这里，我们提出了一个当前的概述设计师细胞信号处理和决策存在的组件和策略，讨论这些已被实施的原型系统的治疗，环境和工业生物技术应用，并检查在这个充满希望的领域出现的挑战。
Synthetic biologists make use of both analogue and digital-like molecular signal processing to create new useful functions in living cells. A wide range of genetic parts and strategies have been developed for implementing synthetic information processing systems. Biological signal processing circuits have been engineered for novel prototype biomedical, environmental and bioprocessing applications. Microorganisms are able to respond effectively to diverse signals from their environment and internal metabolism owing to their inherent sophisticated information processing capacity. A central aim of synthetic biology is to control and reprogramme the signal processing pathways within living cells so as to realise repurposed, beneficial applications ranging from disease diagnosis and environmental sensing to chemical bioproduction. To date most examples of synthetic biological signal processing have been built based on digital information flow, though analogue computing is being developed to cope with more complex operations and larger sets of variables. Great progress has been made in expanding the categories of characterised biological components that can be used for cellular signal manipulation, thereby allowing synthetic biologists to more rationally programme increasingly complex behaviours into living cells. Here we present a current overview of the components and strategies that exist for designer cell signal processing and decision making, discuss how these have been implemented in prototype systems for therapeutic, environmental, and industrial biotechnological applications, and examine emerging challenges in this promising field.