Genetic diversity of Dothistroma septosporum in Estonia, Finland and Czech Republic
Genetic diversity of Dothistroma septosporum in Estonia, Finland and Czech Republic
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DOI：
10.1007/s10658-012-0139-6
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发表时间：
2013-05-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Muller, M. M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Drenkhan, R.;Hantula, J.;Muller, M. M.
松树针叶枯病是世界范围内危害最严重的松树叶部病害之一。最近，它在美国北方的原生松树林中变得更加具有攻击性，并且经常在北方的苏格兰松树林中发现。爱沙尼亚和芬兰分别于2006年和2008年首次注意到这一点，中欧则是在20世纪90年代末。我们在这些国家的人群中的几个微卫星位点的等位基因模式显示出相当大的多样性，这并不支持最近引入的假设。利用8个微卫星位点对104个分离株进行了研究。爱沙尼亚和芬兰的分离物来源于欧洲赤松，捷克共和国的分离物来源于六种松属植物。和黄杉（Pseudotsuga menziesii）。三个种群的遗传多样性都相当大，种群间差异不显著。结果表明，轻微的迁移从南到北，即使没有相似的单倍型之间的任何种群。两两间的遗传分化和Nei氏遗传距离反映了居群间的地理距离。研究群体间的分化。septosporum低，但有统计学意义。只有6%的遗传变异是由于种群之间的差异。高的单倍型多样性，相同的单倍型的数量少，在所有调查的人群中的遗传不平衡程度低，建议发生在这一领域的性增殖，虽然在爱沙尼亚和芬兰的真菌的性状态尚未记录。高多样性可能表明D. septosporum在北方欧洲，或者，其最近作为大量接种物从未知方向引入。
Dothistroma needle blight is one of the most damaging foliage diseases in pine plantations worldwide. Recently it has become more aggressive in native pine stands in northern America and has been found frequently on Scots pine stands in northern Europe. In Estonia and Finland it was noticed for the first time in 2006 and 2008, respectively and in Central Europe in the late 1990s. We show considerable diversity in allele patterns of several microsatellite loci in populations of these countries which does not support the hypothesis of a recent introduction. We investigated 104 isolates by using eight microsatellite loci. Estonian and Finnish isolates originated from P. sylvestris and those from the Czech Republic from six species of Pinus spp. and Pseudotsuga menziesii. The genetic diversity was considerable in all three populations, and did not differ significantly between populations. The results suggest slight migration from south to north, even if no similar haplotypes were found between any of the populations. Both, the pairwise genetic differentiation and Nei's genetic distance reflected geographic distances between the populations. Differentiation between the studied populations of D. septosporum was low but statistically significant. Only 6 % of the genetic variation was due to differences between populations. The high haplotypic diversity, low number of identical haplotypes, and low degree of genetic disequilibrium in all investigated populations suggested occurrence of sexual proliferation in this area, although the sexual state of the fungus has not been recorded in Estonia and Finland. The high diversity may suggest a long presence of D. septosporum in northern Europe, or alternatively, its recent introduction as a massive inoculum from an unknown direction.