Individual differences in fear-potentiated startle as a function of resting heart rate variability: Implications for panic disorder
Individual differences in fear-potentiated startle as a function of resting heart rate variability: Implications for panic disorder
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2008.07.013
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发表时间：
2009-02-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Thayer, Julian F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Melzig, Christiane A.;Weike, Almut I.;Thayer, Julian F.
背景：预期性焦虑可以通过对休克威胁的惊吓增强来表示，与惊恐障碍的发展有关。对休克威胁的惊吓增强存在很大的个体差异，但一般恐慌患者和非焦虑对照组之间几乎没有发现差异。目前的研究探讨了静息心率变异性 (HRV) 作为有惊恐障碍风险的学生和未接受药物治疗的惊恐患者惊恐增强个体差异的来源。 方法：研究 I 的参与者包括 22 名焦虑敏感度 (AS) 高的学生和 21 名低焦虑敏感度的学生。研究 2 纳入了 9 名未接受药物治疗的惊恐患者和 15 名匹配的非焦虑对照。研究了惊吓增强对休克威胁的影响，作为 AS（研究 1）和诊断类别（研究 2）以及静息 HRV 的函数。结果：虽然总体上没有发现惊吓增强与 AS 或惊恐障碍诊断的函数存在差异，但两项研究均表明，低静息 HRV 与对休克威胁的夸大惊吓反应相关。结论：目前的结果复制并扩展了有关惊恐障碍中恐惧增强惊吓的稀疏文献。低 HRV 与对明确提示和上下文提示的更明显的惊吓增强相关。因此，低 HRV 可能是至少对于某些焦虑症有用的内表型。 (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. 保留所有权利。
Background: Anticipatory anxiety, which can be indexed by the startle potentiation to a threat of shock, has been implicated in the development of panic disorder. Large individual differences exist in startle potentiation to threat of shock but few differences have been found between panic patients in general and non-anxious controls. The present studies explored resting heart rate variability (HRV) as a source of individual differences in startle potentiation in students at risk for panic disorder and in unmedicated panic patients.Methods: Participants in Study I were 22 students high and 21 students low in anxiety sensitivity (AS). Nine unmedicated panic patients and 15 matched non-anxious controls were included in Study 2. Startle potentiation to the threat of shock was examined as a function of AS (Study 1) and diagnostic category (Study 2) as well as resting HRV.Results: Whereas no differences in startle potentiation were found as a function of AS or panic disorder diagnosis in general, both studies revealed that low resting HRV was associated with exaggerated startle responses to the threat of shock.Conclusions: The present results replicate and extend the sparse literature on fear-potentiated startle in panic disorder. Low HRV was associated with more pronounced startle potentiation to both explicit and contextual cues. Thus, low HRV may be a useful endophenotype for at least some anxiety disorders. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.