Formation damage issues impacting the productivity of low permeability, low initial water saturation gas producing formations
Formation damage issues impacting the productivity of low permeability, low initial water saturation gas producing formations
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DOI：
10.1115/1.1937420
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发表时间：
2005-09-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Thomas, FB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bennion, DB;Thomas, FB
非常低的原位渗透率气藏（Kgas <0.1mD）非常常见，并且代表了当前非常规天然气生产的开采市场的主要部分。许多这样的水库存在于加拿大和美国的区域，也存在于世界范围内。这些地层中有相当一部分似乎处于非毛细管平衡状态（考虑到孔隙几何形状，初始含水饱和度异常低）。和岩石的毛细管压力特性）。这些储层具有许多与为了获得经济生产率所需的钻井和完井实践相关的独特挑战。本文将讨论影响这些极低渗透气藏的储层损害机理，特别强调相对渗透率和毛管压力效应（相捕获）。将审查容易发生这些类型问题的储层的实例，并将介绍可用于最大限度地减少地层损害对这种类型致密气藏产能的影响的技术。
Very low in situ permeability gas reservoirs (Kgas < 0.1 mD) are very common and represent a major portion of the current exploitation market for unconventional gas production. Many of these reservoirs exist regionally in Canada and the United States and also on a worldwide basis. A considerable fraction of these formations appear to, exist in a state of noncapillary equilibrium (abnormally low initial water saturation given the pore geometry. and capillary pressure characteristics of the rock). These reservoirs have many unique challenges associated with the drilling and completion practices required in order to obtain economic production rates. Formation damage mechanisms affecting these very low permeability gas reservoirs, with a particular emphasis on relative permeability and capillary pressure effects (phase trapping) will be discussed in this article. Examples of reservoirs prone to these types of problems will be reviewed, and techniques which can be used to minimize the impact of formation damage on the productivity of tight gas reservoirs of this type will be presented.