Policy misfits, climate change and cross-scale vulnerability in coastal Africa: how development projects undermine resilience
Policy misfits, climate change and cross-scale vulnerability in coastal Africa: how development projects undermine resilience
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DOI：
10.1016/j.envsci.2010.06.003
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发表时间：
2010-10-01
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Rosendo, Sergio
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bunce, Matthew;Brown, Katrina;Rosendo, Sergio
东非沿海社会生态系统受到一系列环境、社会和经济变化的影响。他们已经很容易受到这些多重压力的影响，而气候变化的影响可能会进一步加剧他们的脆弱性。其中一些影响可能已经观察到并经历过。本文提出的分析是基于混合方法的实证研究，探索当地的看法，最近的变化在沿海坦桑尼亚和莫桑比克的四个网站。人们认识到一些气候和非气候压力因素，这些因素导致了更危险和更少多样性的生计。重要的是，区域和国际政策举措-莫桑比克和南非的河流流域管理以及坦桑尼亚海洋保护区的开发-被认为进一步削弱了复原力，加剧了脆弱性。我们认为，这是一种形式的政策失配，其中制定的政策，以解决特定的问题，不考虑跨尺度的变化动态，多个压力源之间的相互作用，也没有长期的气候变化。这一政策错位可以通过采取适应性的治理形式加以补救，并需要明确侧重于建设社会中穷人和最弱势群体的适应能力。(C)2010爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
Coastal social ecological systems in eastern Africa are subject to a range of environmental, social and economic changes. They are already vulnerable to these multiple stressors, and the impacts of climate change are likely to further exacerbate their vulnerabilities. Some of these impacts may be observed and experienced already. The analysis presented in this paper is based on mixed methods empirical research exploring local perceptions of recent changes at four sites in coastal Tanzania and Mozambique. People recognise and rank a number of climate and non-climate stressors which have contributed towards more risky and less diverse livelihoods. Importantly, regional and international policy initiatives - in the form of river basin management in Mozambique and South Africa, and development of a Marine Protected Area in Tanzania - are perceived to further erode resilience and exacerbate vulnerabilities. We suggest this is a form of policy misfit, where policies developed to address a specific issue do not take account of cross-scale dynamics of change, the interactions between multiple stressors, nor longer term climate change. This policy misfit may be remedied by a move towards adaptive forms of governance, and necessitates an explicit focus on building the adaptive capacity of the poor and most vulnerable in society. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.