Immune responses in neonates.
Immune responses in neonates.
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DOI：
10.1586/1744666x.2014.942288
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发表时间：
2014-09
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Pichichero M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Basha S;Surendran N;Pichichero M
新生儿几乎没有免疫记忆和正在发育的免疫系统，这增加了他们对传染性病原体的脆弱性。新生儿免疫的最新进展表明，先天和适应性反应都取决于淋巴细胞的前体频率、抗原剂量和暴露方式。对新生小鼠模型和人脐带血细胞的研究表明，新生免疫细胞在某些方面产生与成人相似的免疫反应的能力，但在其他方面则不同。本文主要就新生儿免疫系统的发育和功能机制作一综述。特别讨论了先天免疫和适应性免疫的机制以及中性粒细胞、抗原呈递细胞的作用、T淋巴细胞亚类（Th1、Th2、Tregs）和B细胞的差异。此外，我们还包括了新生小鼠免疫系统的最新进展。了解新生儿免疫对于开发治疗性疫苗以对抗新出现的传染性病原体至关重要。
Neonates have little immunological memory and a developing immune system, which increases their vulnerability to infectious agents. Recent advances in understanding of neonatal immunity indicate that both innate and adaptive responses are dependent on precursor frequency of lymphocytes, antigenic dose and mode of exposure. Studies in neonatal mouse models and human umbilical cord blood cells demonstrate the capability of neonatal immune cells to produce immune responses similar to adults in some aspects but not others. This review focuses mainly on the developmental and functional mechanisms of the human neonatal immune system. In particular, the mechanism of innate and adaptive immunity and the role of neutrophils, antigen presenting cells, differences in subclasses of T lymphocytes (Th1, Th2, Tregs) and B cells are discussed. In addition, we have included the recent developments in neonatal mouse immune system. Understanding neonatal immunity is essential to development of therapeutic vaccines to combat newly emerging infectious agents.