The Social Facilitation of a Simple Task
The Social Facilitation of a Simple Task
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简单任务的社会促进作用
DOI：
10.1177/014616728174030
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发表时间：
1981
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
W. H. Finch
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Strube;Margo E. Miles;W. H. Finch
本研究的目的是在实地考察社会促进的各个方面。慢跑者在室内跑道的预定路段沿着跑步时被计时。第一项研究的结果表明，在场的一个专心的观众，但不是一个不专心的观众，产生更快的运行相对于一个没有观众组。无论是观众的性别还是跑道上其他慢跑者的存在都不会影响成绩。第二项研究通过询问跑步者的自我感知来检验关注的旁观者效应的潜在过程。结果表明，报告更多分心的跑步者也跑得更快，但只有当被一个细心的观众观察时。分心也与增加的紧张感有关，这与分心冲突对社会促进的解释一致。
The present two studies were conducted to examine various aspects of social facilitation in a field setting. Joggers were timed as they ran along a predetermined section of an indoor track. Results of the first study indicated that the presence of an attentive spectator, but not an inattentive spectator, produced faster running relative to a no-spectator group. Neither the sex of the spectator nor the presence of other joggers on the track affected performance. The second study examined the underlying process involved in the attentive spectator effect by asking runners for self-perceptions. Results indicated that runners who reported more distraction also ran faster, but only when observed by an attentive spectator. Distraction was also related to increased nervousness consistent with the distraction-conflict explanation for social facilitation.