GEOSTATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF SOIL CONTAMINATION IN THE SWISS JURA
GEOSTATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF SOIL CONTAMINATION IN THE SWISS JURA
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DOI：
10.1016/0269-7491(94)90172-4
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发表时间：
1994-01-01
影响因子：
8.9
通讯作者：
WEBSTER, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
ATTEIA, O;DUBOIS, JP;WEBSTER, R
对瑞士汝拉山14.5公里(2)区域的表土进行了调查，以确定其中的痕量金属分布。通过方格网和嵌套相结合的方式选择了366个地点进行土壤采样。测定了镉、钴、铬、铜、镍、铅、锌等7种潜在有毒金属的浓度。土地利用和地质(地层学)也被记录下来。变异函数在110~1500m的范围内，所有距离的方差贡献率均大于6m，Cd、Cr、Cu、Pb的变异函数以短程相关为主，Co、Ni的变异函数以长程相关为主，锌的变异函数居中。通过普通的块克立格法在精细网格的节点上估计浓度，然后绘制等值线以生成地图。钴和镍的地图具有与地质相似的粗糙斑块模式，表明这些金属来自弯曲岩。这一点得到了地质学变化分析的支持。铜和铅的分布模式更精细，更有可能是添加了化肥、粪便或生活垃圾。镉可能来自人类活动，如冶炼厂或化肥铺设，或来自特定的地质矿床，如冰雹。
The topsoil of a 14.5 km(2) region of the Swiss Jura has been surveyed to identify the distributions of trace metals in it. The soil was sampled at 366 sites selected by combining a square grid and nesting. Concentrations of seven potentially toxic metals, namely, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn, were measured. Land use and geology (stratigraphy) were also recorded. Variograms were bounded in the range from 110 m to 1500 m with contributions to the variance at all distances exceeding 6 m. The variograms of Cd, Cr, Cu and Pb are dominated by short range correlation, those of Co and Ni by correlation of long range, and Zn is intermediate. The concentrations were estimated at the nodes of a fine grid by ordinary block kriging and then contoured to produce maps. The maps of Co and Ni have a coarse patchy pattern similar to that of the geology, suggesting that these metals derive from the bendrock. This is supported by analysing the variance by geology. Copper and Pb have finer patterns of distribution, and are more likely to have been added with fertilizer or manure or domestic waste. Cadmium could originate from human activities, such as smelters or fertilizer spreading, or from specific geological deposits, such as moraine.