Time-varying associations between COVID-19 case incidence and community-level sociodemographic, occupational, environmental, and mobility risk factors in Massachusetts.
Time-varying associations between COVID-19 case incidence and community-level sociodemographic, occupational, environmental, and mobility risk factors in Massachusetts.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12879-021-06389-w
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发表时间：
2021-07-16
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Leibler JH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tieskens KF;Patil P;Levy JI;Brochu P;Lane KJ;Fabian MP;Carnes F;Haley BM;Spangler KR;Leibler JH
社区一级的风险因素与新冠肺炎发病率之间的关联已被用来确定脆弱亚人群并有针对性地进行干预，但这些关联随时间的变化在很大程度上仍不清楚。我们评估了社区水平的预测因素与2020年3月至10月马萨诸塞州351个城镇新冠肺炎病例发病率之间的相关性的可变性。使用公开可用的社会人口、职业、环境和流动性数据集，我们开发了混合影响的调整后的泊松回归模型，以描述这些变量与2020年3月至10月五个不同时间段的城镇层面新冠肺炎病例发病率数据之间的关联。我们研究了城镇层面的人口变量，包括按种族、民族和年龄划分的人口比例，以及与职业、住房密度、经济脆弱性、空气污染(PM2.5)和机构设施相关的因素。我们计算了与这些预测因素相关的发病率和发病率比率(IRR)，并比较了多个时间段的这些值，以评估观察到的关联随时间的变异性。关键预测变量和镇级发病率之间的关联在五个时间段内各不相同。我们观察到，随着时间的推移，早春黑人居民的百分比(IRR = 1.12[95%CI：1.12-1.13])、IRR = 1.01[95%CI：1.00-1.01]以及新冠肺炎发病率随着时间的推移而减少。与人均长期护理机构床位数的相关性也随着时间的推移而减少(春季的 = 为1.28[95%CI：1.26-1.31]，秋季的IRR = 为1.07[95%CI：1.05-1.09])。在控制其他因素后，基本工人比例较高的城镇在整个疫情期间新冠肺炎的发病率都较高(例如，春季的IRR = 为1.30[95%CI：1.27-1.33]，秋季的IRR = 为1.20[95%CI：1.17-1.22])。拉丁裔居民比例较高的城镇随着时间的推移，发病率也持续上升(春季 = 为1.19[95%CI：1.18-1.21]，秋季IRR = 为1.14[95%CI：1.13-1.15])。在本研究中，城镇层面的新冠肺炎危险因素随着时间的推移而变化。在马萨诸塞州，新冠肺炎发病率的种族(但不是种族)差异在大流行的前8个月可能有所减少，这可能表明在选定的社区在降低风险方面取得了更大的成功。我们的方法可用于评估公共卫生干预措施的有效性，并针对社区一级的具体缓解努力。
Associations between community-level risk factors and COVID-19 incidence have been used to identify vulnerable subpopulations and target interventions, but the variability of these associations over time remains largely unknown. We evaluated variability in the associations between community-level predictors and COVID-19 case incidence in 351 cities and towns in Massachusetts from March to October 2020. Using publicly available sociodemographic, occupational, environmental, and mobility datasets, we developed mixed-effect, adjusted Poisson regression models to depict associations between these variables and town-level COVID-19 case incidence data across five distinct time periods from March to October 2020. We examined town-level demographic variables, including population proportions by race, ethnicity, and age, as well as factors related to occupation, housing density, economic vulnerability, air pollution (PM2.5), and institutional facilities. We calculated incidence rate ratios (IRR) associated with these predictors and compared these values across the multiple time periods to assess variability in the observed associations over time. Associations between key predictor variables and town-level incidence varied across the five time periods. We observed reductions over time in the association with percentage of Black residents (IRR = 1.12 [95%CI: 1.12–1.13]) in early spring, IRR = 1.01 [95%CI: 1.00–1.01] in early fall) and COVID-19 incidence. The association with number of long-term care facility beds per capita also decreased over time (IRR = 1.28 [95%CI: 1.26–1.31] in spring, IRR = 1.07 [95%CI: 1.05–1.09] in fall). Controlling for other factors, towns with higher percentages of essential workers experienced elevated incidences of COVID-19 throughout the pandemic (e.g., IRR = 1.30 [95%CI: 1.27–1.33] in spring, IRR = 1.20 [95%CI: 1.17–1.22] in fall). Towns with higher proportions of Latinx residents also had sustained elevated incidence over time (IRR = 1.19 [95%CI: 1.18–1.21] in spring, IRR = 1.14 [95%CI: 1.13–1.15] in fall). Town-level COVID-19 risk factors varied with time in this study. In Massachusetts, racial (but not ethnic) disparities in COVID-19 incidence may have decreased across the first 8 months of the pandemic, perhaps indicating greater success in risk mitigation in selected communities. Our approach can be used to evaluate effectiveness of public health interventions and target specific mitigation efforts on the community level.
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影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Mecenas P;Bastos RTDRM;Vallinoto ACR;Normando D
通讯作者：
Normando D
DOI：
10.1007/s40615-020-00833-4
发表时间：
2020-09-01
影响因子：
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作者：
Abedi, Vida;Olulana, Oluwaseyi;Zand, Ramin
通讯作者：
Zand, Ramin
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作者：
Clark, Eva;Fredricks, Karla;Weatherhead, Jill
通讯作者：
Weatherhead, Jill
影响因子：
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作者：
Louie, Janice K.;Scott, Hyman M.;Aragon, Tomas
通讯作者：
Aragon, Tomas
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Fielding-Miller RK;Sundaram ME;Brouwer K
通讯作者：
Brouwer K