Environmental and policy - Interventions to promote physical activity
Environmental and policy - Interventions to promote physical activity
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DOI：
10.1016/s0749-3797(98)00076-2
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发表时间：
1998-11-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Pratt, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sallis, JF;Bauman, A;Pratt, M
导言：由于工业化国家的大多数成年人不符合体力活动指南，因此需要进行全民干预。环境和政策干预以生态行为模式为基础，有可能影响整个人口。生态模型特别适用于身体活动，因为这种行为必须在特定的物理环境中进行。横断面数据显示，环境和政策变量与青少年和成年人的身体活动行为有关。方法：回顾7篇关于增加身体活动的环境和政策干预的评价。结果：两项研究表明，设置标志鼓励使用楼梯是有效的。准试验性评估提供了有限的证据，证明广泛的环境变化是有效的。建议模型：提出了一个描述政策和环境干预发展的模型，以期促进这一领域的更多研究。倡导或规划团体确定并与控制政策和环境的机构合作，这些政策和环境可以改变以增加体力活动。教育和政策/环境干预措施被视为相辅相成。结论：缺乏概念模型和评估的固有困难阻碍了环境和政策干预措施的研究。还需要进一步的研究，从业者和研究人员应该共同努力来评估项目。
Introduction: Because most adults in industrialized countries do not meet physical activity guidelines, population-wide interventions are needed. Environmental and policy interventions are based on ecological models of behavior and have the potential to influence entire populations. Ecological models are particularly applicable to physical activity because the behavior must be done in specific physical settings. Cross-sectional data indicate that environmental and policy variables are associated with physical activity behaviors of young people and adults.Method: Seven published evaluations of environmental and policy interventions to increase physical activity were reviewed.Results: Two studies showed that placing signs encouraging stair use can be effective. Quasi-experimental evaluations provided limited evidence that broad environmental changes can be effective. Large-scale policy interventions are currently being conducted in several countries.Proposed Model: A model describing the development of policy and environmental interventions is proposed, in the hope of stimulating more research in this area. Advocacy or planning groups identify and work with agencies that control policies and environments that can be altered to increase physical activity. Educational and policy/environmental interventions are seen as complementary.Conclusion: Lack of conceptual models and the inherent difficulties of evaluation have hampered research on environmental and policy interventions. Further research is needed, and practitioners and researchers should work together to evaluate programs.